UBC sociology 200.pptVIP

Copyright ? 2013 Pearson Canada Inc. 1-* Unilineal descent - reckon kin through one side of the family Two major forms: matrilineal and patrilineal Bilateral systems – reckon kin through both the mothers and fathers sides of the family (Continued) Copyright ? 2013 Pearson Canada Inc. 1-* Original sources for social organization Organized marriage, social status, inheritance and property Structure of kinship maintained across successive generations by social norms: Incest Marriage (monogamy and polygamy), Authority (patriarchal or matriarchal), Residence (matrilocality, patrilocality or neolocality) and Descent (matrilineal or patrilineal) Adam and Eve Copyright ? 2013 Pearson Canada Inc. 1-* Monogamy (only one mate) Polygamy (more than one mate) Polyandry (multiple husbands) Relatively rare Tends to associated with poverty Polygyny (multiple wives) Most frequent form of polygamy Bride price The Teutonic “gifta”. Dowry The case of India and Ireland – who gets the money? Unilineal descent- Matrilineal Patrilineal Reckons descent through either the mother or father’s side Multilineal descent Double descent reckons different type of power, property or prestige through each side. Bilateral reckons through both sides. Most often follows rules of descent except there are often more specific rules such as: Primogeniture- first born Last born child- ultimogeniture Gender Choice of parent – such as in the Habitant family. Neolocal Matrilocal Patrilocal Matri-patrilocal Avunculocal – most often groom’s mother’s brother Patriarchal Matriarchal Rules of authority must be viewed in relation to other sources of power in family and marriage (e.g.,wealth and status) Joint Stem Robert Winch, Goode and Parsons have all contributed to the traditional theory which argues: In hunter-gatherer societies small mobile family units were the most functional for hunting and following migrating herds. In domestic-pastoral societies there was still a need for some mobility.