中考语法突破05介词和介词短语.docxVIP

中考语法突破五 介词和介词短语 介词是一种虚词，不能单独作句子成分，必须与它后面的名词或代词（或相当于名词的其它词类、短语或从句）构成介词短语，才能在句子中充当一个成分，且在句子的构成中起着非常重要的作用。在中考中几乎各种题型都能考到介词，多为直接考察几个常用介词的用法，同时也会考一些固定搭配。需要我们在备考时注意归纳、总结， 记清一些固定搭配。在何时 at, on, in 表示时间的介词 在……期间 during, for, from…to… 其它 before, after, since, until, till, between, by 在 ……上面/下面 on, over, above, under, below 在……前面/后面before, in (the) front of, behind, at the back of 表示地点的介词 在……中间 between, among, in the middle of 在……旁边near, by, beside 在……里面/外面inside, outside 到、朝、向 to, at, for 从 from, off介词 表示方向的介词 进入……， 从……出来 into, out of 经过，通过，穿过 across, by, over, through 表示方式、方法、手段的介词 by, in, with 在……方面 in, at 数量 about, over, round 除……以外 except, besides, but 其它常用介词的用法 关于 on, about 有，没有 with, without 代替 instead, instead of 用在固定搭配中的介词一、表示时间的介词在何时 at, on, inat 用于表示某一具体时间 at night, at noon, at that time, at lunch, at the age of, at first;on用来表示某一天，或某天的上午、下午、晚上。on Monday, on New Year’s Day, on Monday afternoon, on a cold winter eveningin 用来表示一段时间， 还可用在月、季节、年等时间短语前. in the morning, in August, in 1984, in half an hour, in spring, in a minute在……期间 during, for, from…to…during 表示在……期间 during the summer holiday, during the last three yearsfor 表示达，计for four years, for a long time, for a momentfrom…to… 表示从……到…… from July to August, from Monday to Friday3、其它 before, after, since, until, till, between, by before/after: I will be free before ten o’clock tomorrow. He always watches TV after supper. since/for: He has lived in New York since 1985. We have been here for five years. until/till: He didn’t leave the swimming pool until closing time. The meeting will last till five o’clock.( until的动词为点动词) between: He was at middle school between 1983 and 1997. by: All of us must be at the school gate by six tomorrow morning. By the time of last week, we had finished all the lessons for this term.二、表示地点的介词在 ……上面/下面 on, over, under, above, belowon, over, above表示在……之上，on多用于与物体有接触时，位于物体的表面、边上、线上；above侧重于指上下位置，over则侧重于横跨两端或有覆盖的含义。There’s a book on the table. The picture is above the map. She spread a clot