数据库第一章解读.pptVIP

Main vendors/products Commercial Oracle IBM/DB2 MS SQL-server Sybase (MS Access, ...) Open source Postgres (UCB) mySQL/mariaDB sqlite () (/sigmod) 数据库领域图灵奖简介 1973年,Charles W.Bachman,网状数据库之父 主持设计与开发了最早的网状数据库系统IDS 推动和促成了数据库标准的制定 1981年,Edgar Frank Codd,关系数据库之父 A relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks 1998年,James Gray, 数据库技术和事务处理专家 完整性、安全性、并发性、故障恢复 数据库领域图灵奖简介 Today’s Lecture Introduction Motivating example How do DBMSs work? DDL, DML, views. Fundamental concepts DBMS users Overall system architecture Steps in Building a DB Application Conclusions The world is increasingly driven by data… This class teaches the basics of how to use manage data. * a relation is a table each row is a tuple representing information about a movie attribute view level example view level, eg: create view cstudent(ssn,sname) as select 学号,姓名 from student; 视图的优点： 限制表中特定列和行的使用 隐藏复杂查询的细节 提供安全保证 3-level architecture - hence, physical and logical data independence: Logical data independence(逻辑独立性) can add (drop) column; add/drop table Physical data independence(物理独立性) can add index; change record order Detailed outline Introduction Motivating example How do DBMSs work? DDL, DML, views. Fundamental concepts DBMS users Overall system architecture Steps in Building a DB Application Conclusions Database users ‘naive’ users casual users application programmers [ DBA (Data base administrator)] Casual users DBMS data and meta-data = catalog select * from student ‘’Na?ve‘’ users Pictorially: DBMS data app. (eg., report generator) and meta-data = catalog App. programmers Authors of applications (like the ‘report generator’) DBMS data app. (eg., report generator) and meta-data = catalog * DB Administrator (DBA) Duties? DBMS data and meta-data = catalog DB Administrator (DBA) Duties? DBMS data and meta-data = catalog DB Administrator (DBA) schema definition (‘logical’ level) physical schema (storage structure, access methods schema modifications(模式修改) granting