第1章节地层的划分与对比.pptVIP

Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 地史学—— 是研究地球主要是岩石圈的发展历史及规律的一门综合性的地质学科。 研究的内容包括： 古生物发展史 沉积发展史 构造发展史 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 第一章 地层的划分、对比和地质年代表 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 一、一般概念和原理 1．地层 地层是地质历史发展过程中逐步形成的一切成层岩石的总称，包括沉积岩、火山岩以及由二者变质而成的变质岩。 是指具有一定层位的一层或一组岩石。 岩石与地层的区别 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. layered Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 2.地层层序 地层层序：是指地层形成的先后顺序。 地层层序律：下老上新 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 沉积岩层 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 岩层层序律 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 岩层层序倒转 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 岩层顶部的构造特征图 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 3.生物层序律 含有相同化石的 地层的时代相同， 不同时代的地层 所含的化石不同。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 4.整合接触和不整合接触 沉积连续和沉积间断 平行不整合或假整合——下伏地层形成之后和上覆地层沉积之前，地壳上升，两者之间有沉积间断，缺失某些地层，但上下两套岩层产状相同。 角度不整合——上下两套岩层产状不同，二者之间有沉积间断，缺失某些地层。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 地层的整合接触关系 地层整合接触关系表现为: 上(B)、下（A）地层连续，无沉积间断。 上、下地层之间无地层缺失，岩性渐变。 上下地层产状一致。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyrig