On the absence of rapidly decaying solutions for parabolic operators whose coefficients are.pdf

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On the absence of rapidly decaying solutions for parabolic operators whose coefficients are.pdf

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On the absence of rapidly decaying solutions for parabolic operators whose coefficients are

a r X i v : m a t h / 0 4 0 9 0 9 8 v 1 [ m a t h .A P ] 7 S e p 2 0 0 4 ON THE ABSENCE OF RAPIDLY DECAYING SOLUTIONS FOR PARABOLIC OPERATORS WHOSE COEFFICIENTS ARE NON-LIPSCHITZ CONTINUOUS IN TIME DANIELE DEL SANTO AND MARTINO PRIZZI Abstract. We find minimal regularity conditions on the coefficients of a para- bolic operator, ensuring that no nontrivial solution tends to zero faster than any exponential. 1. Introduction, statements and remarks Let A be a nonnegative self-adjoint operator in a Hilbert space H . Consider the Cauchy problem (1.1) { du dt + Au = 0 u(0) = u0 The solution u(t) can be represented in terms of the spectral resolution Eλ of ?A and it turns out that its asymptotic behavior is like e?λ0t, where λ0 is the infimum of those values of λ for which Eλu0 = u0. It follows that no solution, except the trivial one, can tend to zero faster than any exponential. Peter Lax [4] considered nonautonomous perturbations of (1.1) of the form (1.2) { du dt + (A+K(t))u = 0 u(0) = u0 where K(t) is a bounded linear operator. He proved that, if the norm of K(t) is sufficiently small, then again solutions of (1.2), unless identically zero, do not tend to zero faster than any exponential. The question then arised naturally, whether a similar result could hold even for perturbations which were not relatively bounded with respect to A. In the years following, attention focussed mainly on parabolic inequalities, written in integrated form, like (1.3) ∫ |?tu? ∑ ij aij(t, x)?xi?xju| 2 dx ≤ C1(t) ∫ |u|2 dx+ C2(t) ∫ ∑ i |?xiu| 2 dx. Several results (see e.g. [2, 5, 8, 9]) were obtained, relating the decay of C1(t), C2(t) and ‖?xaij(t, ·)‖L∞ to that of the solutions of (1.3). Some years later, Agmon and Date: February 1, 2008. 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification. 35K10, 35B40 . Key words and phrases. parabolic operator, rapidly decaying solution, modulus of continuity, Osgood condition. 1 2 DANIELE DEL SANTO AND MARTINO PRIZZI Nirenberg [1] reconsidered the whole