生物柴油质量控制研究(西南石油)-大学学位论文.doc

摘要 生物柴油具有含氧低，十六烷值高，不含芳香烃和硫，降低发动机污染物排放的特点，能够与国标柴油混合或单独用于汽车及机械，是石化柴油可靠的替代品。由于国家生物柴油标准尚未完善，国内对生物柴油质量影响因素研究甚少，因此非常有必要加强生物柴油质量影响因素分析与对策研究。 本论文通过SCI、CNKI、Google学术等检索工具，跟踪分析国内外生物柴油质量评价与控制的相关研究进展，并研究其对生物柴油质量的影响；探讨生物柴油理化指标与环境、柴油发动机之间的关系。对比分析生物柴油主要质量指标的检测方法的应用现状及优缺点，从而提出最优检测方法。最后对我国生物柴油标准完善做出展望与探讨。 研究表明，生物柴油中的甲醇、灰分、甘油酯、脂肪酸、环烷酸等组分影响发动机正常运行；检测这些有害组分的方法各有特点，其中红外光谱检测法成本低，检测快速，能同时测定一个样品中多项理化指标，是最高效的检测方法。 关键词：生物柴油；质量；有害组分；检测 Abstract Biodiesel has a low oxygen, high cetane number, free of aromatics and sulfur. It can be also mixed with regular diesel and reduce engine emissions ,or applied to the automotive and machinery. More importantly, biodiesel is a reliable alternative to fossil diesel. The national biodiesel standards are not perfect，and the study on the quality factors of biodiese is seldom, so it is necessary to strengthen quality factors analysis and countermeasures of biodiesel. In this thesis, SCI, CNKI, Google academic search instruments are used to research physical indicators of biodiesel at home and abroad, and to study their impact on the quality of biodiesel, further explore the relationship between physical and chemical indicators of biodiesel and the environment, the diesel engine. Compare and analyse the advantages and disadvantages of each method and application situation to propose the optimal detection method. Finally, the improving standard of biodiesel can be expected and discusse . The studied results show that methanol, ash, glycerides, fatty acids, naphthenic acids and other ingredients in biodiesel can affect the normal operation of the engine. Methods to detect these harmful components have their own advantages, and infrared spectroscopy with low cost, rapid detection, a sample can measure a number of physical and chemical indicators of a single sample simultaneously, which make it the best for the current detection methods. Keywords: Biodiesel; quality factors; hazardous ingredients; detection method 目录 1 绪论 1 1.1 选题背景 1 1.2 选题目的 3 1.3 生物柴油在国内外发展