Instantaneous magnetic field distribution in brushless permanent magnet DC motors. II.pdf

I36 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS, VOL. 29, NO. 1, JANUARY 1993 Instantaneous Magnetic Field Distribution in Brushless Permanent Magnet dc Motors Part 11: Armature-Reaction Field Z. Q. Zhu, Member, IEEE, and David Howe Abstract-In Part I an analytical technique for predicting the open-circuit magnetic field distribution in the airgaphagnet region of a brushless permanent magnet dc motor equipped with a surface mounted magnet rotor and a slotless stator was pre- sented. In this paper the analysis is extended to the prediction of the armature reaction field produced by the 3-phase stator windings. As before the motor model is formulated in polar coordinates and accounts for the large effective airgap, but it is now developed further to cater for the effect of winding cur- rent harmonics bn the airgap field distribution. Predicted in- stantaneous armature reaction field distributions are validated by comparing with corresponding finite element calculations. I. INTRODUCTION KNOWLEDGE of the armature reaction field calcu- Al ation in a brushless permanent magnet dc motor is important for the prediction of the radial exciting forces, and hence the emitted acoustic noise [l], the demagneti- zation withstand capability, and the self- and mutual- winding inductances. However, the calculation differs significantly from that for nonpermanent magnet ma- chines, such as the induction motor, in three aspects. Firstly, due to the low recoil permeability pm of perma- nent magnets-a typical value being 1.1 po, machines in which the magnets are mounted adjacent to the airgap present a much larger effective airgap. Secondly, the phase current waveforms contain significant harmonics. Thirdly, the magnetic field produced by the 3-phase stator winding does not rotate uniformly but in incremental steps accord- ing to the instants of commutation. The large effective airgap of a brushless permanent magnet dc motor would lead to a significant error in the