高中省略句详解讲述.ppt

什么叫省略？ 为了使语言简洁或避免重复，省略句中的一个或几个句子成分，这种语法现象称为省略。 ① 简单句中的省略 ②并列句中的省略 ③状语从句中的省略 ④定语从句中省略 ⑤名词性从句中的省略 ⑥动词不定式的省略 ⑦介词的省略 ⑧使用so，not等时的省略 省 略 的 类 型 一、简单句的省略 1.省略主语。 i.e. (I) Beg your pardon . (It) Sounds like a good idea . 2.省略谓语或谓语的一部分。 i.e. (Is there) Anything I can do for you ? (Is) Anybody here ? 3.省略主语和谓语，或谓语的一部分。 i.e. (Are you) Hungry ? (I want) orange juice, please. 4.省略宾语或表语。 i.e. ①----Where has Mr. Smith gone ? ----Sorry ,I don’t know (where he has gone) . ②----Who has an English dictionary? ----I have . ③----I am an English teacher . ----I am ,too . 二、在由and或but连接的并列句中， 为避免重复，常省略一些重复的词或词组。 1.省略共同的主语。 i.e. Tom picked up a book on the floor and (Tom) handed it to his teacher . 2.若主语不同而谓语助动词、情态动词相同，则省略后面的助动词或情态动词。 i.e. Jack must have been playing football and Mary (must have been) doing her homework . 3.若主语与谓语动词相同，则省略后面的主谓成分。 i.e. His advice made me happy ,but (his advice made) Jim angry . 4.若主语不同，但谓语及后续部分相同，则省略谓语及后续部分。 i.e. I was born in winter in 1998 and Bob (was born in winter) in 1989 . 5.省略重复的介词、连词及后续部分。 i.e. He was late because he had overslept and (because he had) missed the train . 三、状语从句中的省略 1.在when ,while ,whenever ,till /until, if , unless, as soon as , as if/ though ,than, as, whether 等引导的状语从句中，若谓语部分含有be动词，而主语又跟主句主语相同或从句主语为it时，则省略从句主语和be动词。 i.e. ①Wood gives much smoke while (wood is) burning . ②His opinion ,whether (it is) right or wrong ,would be considered . ③I’ll buy a TV set if (it is) possible . ④If (it is) necessary, I will go . ⑤Don’t speak until/till (you are) spoken to . ⑥Fewer people came than (they were) expected . ⑦Please do the work as (you are) told to . ⑧I will not go to the meeting unless (I am) invited . 2.虚拟条件句常省略if，并将were，had，should提前构成部分倒装。 i.e. ①Should there be a flood (=if there should be a flood ), what should we do ? ②Had he taken my advice (=if he had taken my advice ), he would be a college student now . ③Were she my daught