《基本的分词构句》.ppt

《基本的分詞構句》 分詞構句主要是由從屬子句及對等子句簡化而來。在從屬與對等子句裡，只要從屬及對等子句的主詞與主要子句相同時，就可以寫成分詞構句。 一、表「附帶條件、附帶狀況」的對等子句： 省略對等連接詞and，被省略的句子是用來表達「連續性的動作」或是附帶的狀況。 句型： S1+V1 , and S1 + V2 . = S1 + V1 , V2-ing. Ex: Maria sat on the sofa, and read stories to her children. = Maria sat on the sofa, reading stories to her children. Try This! John walked into his bedroom, and he shut the door loudly. = John walked into his bedroom, ________the door loudly. (John 走進他的臥室，大聲的把門關上。) 注意：若V2為be+p.p.，則可省略be V，直接用過去分詞(V-pp)表達。 Ex: The shirts are very cheap and are sold out quickly. = The shirts are very cheap, sold out quickly. 二、表「時間」的從屬子句： 時間副詞before, after→ before / after不省略 時間副詞when, as→ when, as 可省略 Ex: I went to bed after I finished my homework. = I went to bed after finishing my homework. (我做完功課就去睡覺了。) Ex: As we arrived at home this evening, we found someone breaking into our house. = As arriving at home this evening, we found someone breaking into our house. = Arriving at home this evening, we found someone breaking into our house. (今天傍晚一到家，我們就發現有人闖入家裡。) Try This! As she was too tired, she rested her head on my shoulder to take a rest. = As _______ too tired, she rested her head on my shoulder to take a rest. 注意：若V2為be+p.p.，則可省略be V，直接用過去分詞(V-pp)表達。 Ex: When it is viewed from the distance, the tree looks like a statue. = When ______ from the distance, the tree looks like a statue. 三、表「理由、原因、條件、讓步」的從屬子句： 句型： Because/ So/ As/ Since + S1+V1 , S1 + V2. = V1-ing, S1+ V2. = Because/ So/ As/ Since V1-ing, S1+ V2. 注意1：若V2為be+p.p.，則可省略be V，直接用過去分詞(V-pp)表達。 Ex: Since it was built years ago, the house was not in good order. = Since _____ years ago, the house was not in good order. 注意2：當從屬或對等子句中有否定句時，改為分詞構句時，否定的not需保留。 Ex: Because they didn’t know where their son went, they turned to the police for help. (因為不知道他們的兒子去哪裡，他們轉向警方求助。) Because they didn’t know where their son went, they turned to the police for help. = ____ _________ where their son went, they turned to the police for help. 獨立分詞構句 (S1≠S2)： 當主要子句與從屬