2017中考英语复习知识点部分10非谓语动词部分课件20170411179.pptVIP

* 非谓语动词是动词的形式，在句中起名词、形容词或副词的作用。不能作谓语，没有人称和数的变化。分为动词不定式、动名词和分词三种。 考点一 动词不定式 1 动词不定式 (1)构成：肯定式：to＋动词原形； 否定式：not to＋动词原形 (2)用法：常在句中作主语、表语、宾语、宾补、目的状语和定语等。 ①作主语。如：To learn English well is very important. ＝Its very important to learn English well. ②作表语。如：My dream is to be a reporter. ③作宾语。如：I want to be an actor. I find it interesting to play basketball. 2 动词不定式 ④作宾补。如：The teacher asked us to finish the homework in time. ⑤作目的状语。如：He went there to see his uncle. ⑥作定语。如：Would you like something to drink? 3 动词不定式 (3)常考词组和句型： ①后面常用动词不定式作宾语的词有： would like to do sth.(乐意做某事) want to do sth.(想要做某事) decide to do sth.(决定做某事) plan to do sth.(计划做某事) begin/start to do sth.(开始做某事) try to do sth.(设法做某事) pretend to do sth.(假装做某事) hope to do sth.(希望做某事) agree to do sth.(同意做某事) learn to do sth.(学会做某事) need to do sth.(需要做某事) promise to do sth. (答应做某事) refuse to do sth.(拒绝做某事) used to do sth.(过去常做某事) afford to do sth.(负担得起做某事) 4 动词不定式 ②后面常用动词不定式作宾补的词有： ask sb. to do sth.(叫某人做某事) tell sb. to do sth.(告诉某人做某事) allow sb.to do sth.(允许某人做某事) wish sb. to do sth.(希望某人做某事) want sb. to do sth.(想要某人做某事) advise sb. to do sth.(建议某人做某事) invite sb. to do sth.(邀请某人做某事) expect sb. to do sth.(期待某人做某事) encourage sb. to do sth.(鼓励某人做某事) teach sb. to do sth.(教某人做某事) 5 动词不定式 ③it代替动词不定式作形式主语或形式宾语。 例如： Its useful to learn a foreign language.(it代替动词不定式作形式主语) He found it difficult to finish the work by himself.(it代替动词不定式 做形式宾语) 注意：Its important for us to study English well. 学好英语对我们来 说是重要的。 (用介词“for”，表示动词不定式与形容词有主谓关系) Its clever of him to work out the problem. 他太聪明了，算出了这 道难题。 (用介词“of”，表示of后面的名词或代词与形容词有主谓关系) 6 动词不定式 ④特殊疑问词(what, when, which, where, who, how)＋to do(why 除外)。 例如： I dont know when to go/where to go/which to buy. She didnt tell me what to do/how to do it. 7 动词不定式 (4)几个固定不定式的词组，常放在句首，作独立成分。 to ones surprise 使某人惊奇的是　 to begin with 首先　 to be honest 老实说　 to tell the truth 说实话 考点二 省略to 的动词不定式 省to的不定式 1 (1)使役动词和感官动词后接动词不定式作宾补时，主动语态时不定式省“to”， 被动语态时要补“to”。 2 常考句型和词组： 省to的不定式 make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 see s