Unit5Thepowerofnature课件4（新人教选修6）.pptVIP

Section Ⅳ　Grammar Writing ;动词的-ing形式在句中作状语;1．动词的-ing形式的时态、语态及意义; 2.动词的-ing形式作状语时，表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，用来修饰谓语动词，常表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、方式、伴随、让步等情况，并可以转换成相应的状语从句或并列句。 (1)表时间 ①Walking in the park，she saw an old friend. ＝When she was walking in the park，she saw an old friend. 在公园散步时，她看到一个老朋友。; ②Having finished the work，he went out to meet his friends. ＝After he finished the work，he went out to meet his friends. 完成工作后，他出去会朋友了。;(2)表原因 ①Having traveled to many places，he knows a lot. ＝Since he has traveled to many places，he knows a lot. 到过很多的地方去旅游，他知道的很多。 ②Being ill，he was sent to hospital. ＝Because he was ill，he was sent to hospital. 由于生病，他被送往医??。;(3)表伴随或方式 He sent me an e-mail，hoping to get further information. ＝He sent me an e-mail，and (he) hoped to get further information. 他给我发了封电子邮件，希望得到更多的消息。 (4)表条件 Going there by plane，you’ll arrive tomorrow morning. ＝If you go there by plane，you’ll arrive tomorrow morning. 如果你乘飞机去那里的话，明天早上就会到。;(5)表让步 Having been told many times，he still made the same mistake. ＝Though he had been told many times，he still made the same mistake. 尽管告诉他许多次了，他仍旧犯同样的错误。 (6)表结果(必然结果) The train was caught in heavy snow，thus causing the delay. ＝The train was caught in heavy snow and caused the delay. 火车遇上了大雪，因此造成了耽搁。;3．现在分词作状语时，应注意的几个问题 (1)现在分词(v.-ing)形式的否定结构是在分词前加not，分词完成式的否定结构通常把not放在having前面。 Not knowing how to deal with the problem，he turned to his teacher for help.由于不知道如何处理这个问题，他向老师求助。 Not having finished his work，he was punished by his boss. 由于没有完成工作，老板惩罚了他。;(2)分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语通常与句子的主语保持一致；且通常与句中主语含有逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系；否则不能使用分词作状语，但可使用分词的独立主格结构。 Seeing from the hill，you will see the beautiful city. 从山上看，你会看到美丽的城市。 Seeing from the hill，the city looks more beautiful.(×) 从山上看，这座城市更美丽。;My homework having been done，I began to watch football match.做完作业，我开始看足球赛。(本句中状语部分为独立主格结构，having been done的逻辑主语为my homework，而不是句子的主语I) 注意：动词不定式与现在分词作结果状语的区别：动词不定式作结果状语时，常表示出乎意料的结果，其前可加only或never。而现在分词作结果状语则表示必然的或合乎逻辑的结果，这时其前可加thus。另外，充当结果的现在分词的逻辑主语有时并不是句子的主语，而是句子的内容或部分内容。; He hurried to the st