建筑工程测量-高层建筑物的沉降观测.docVIP

甘肃林业职业技术学院 PAGE  PAGE 12 甘肃林业职业技术学院 甘肃林业职业技术学院测绘工程系2010届 毕业生论文（设计） 高层建筑物的沉降观测 班 级： 毕业学生： 指导老师： 摘?要 为了保证高层建筑物的正常使用寿命和建筑物的安全性，并为以后的勘察、设计、施工提供可靠的资料及相应的沉降参数，所以建筑物沉降监测的必要性和重要性就越来越明显了。高层建筑物施工过程中应用沉降观测加强过程监控，指导合理的施工工序，预防在施工过程中出现不均匀沉降，及时反馈信息，为勘察设计施工部门提供详尽的第一手资料，避免因沉降原因造成建筑物主体结构的破坏或产生影响结构使用功能裂缝，造成巨大经济损失。因此对高层建筑物必须进行沉降监测，通过在施工、竣工验收以及竣工后的沉降观测活动来加强过程监控，避免因沉降原因产生影响结构使用功能的裂缝或造成建筑物主体结构的破坏，提高高层建筑物的安全性，延长其使用寿命。 本文阐述了：1）对高层建筑物沉降观测的重要性和必要性的认识；2）高层建筑物沉降的原因和沉降观测基本要求；3）常用的监测方法、具体的施测步骤、误差分析和突发问题的解决。 关键词：高层建筑物;沉降监测;水准测量 Abstract To ensure the normal life of high-rise buildings and building security, and for the subsequent investigation, design and construction of reliable information and the corresponding parameters of the settlement, so the building settlement monitoring the necessity and importance of getting obvious. Application of high-rise building construction process to enhance process monitoring settlement observation, guidance and reasonable construction process, in the course of construction to prevent uneven settlement and timely feedback for the survey design and construction departments to provide detailed first-hand information, to avoid the settlement causes damage the main structure of the building affect the structure or function of crack use, resulting in huge economic losses. Therefore, high-rise buildings in the settlement must be monitored, through the construction, completion and acceptance and the completion of the settlement observation activities to enhance process monitoring, to avoid the impact of the settlement because the structure using the function of the crack or cause damage to the main structure of buildings, improve high-level building safety, to extend its service life. This paper describes: 1) high-rise buildings on the importance and necessity of observing the settlement understanding; 2) the settlement of high-rise buildings because the basic requirements and settlement observation; 3) commonly used monitoring