infinitive高中英语语法.pptVIP

Infinitive;动词不定式;动词不定式的一般式：表示动作与句子中的谓语动词同时发生或之后发生。;动词不定式的完成式：表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之前。;动词不定式的进行式：表示不定式的动作在谓语动作同时正在发生。;动词不定式的否定式：not to do sth;动词不定式可以在句子中充当主语，宾语，表语，宾语补足语，定语(后置)，状语。; 常用于下列结构中： (1)It is/was +adj.+(of sb.) to do…（如 good/ kind/ nice/ clever/ foolish/ selfish…） (2)It is +adj.+(for sb.)+to do…（如easy / difficult / hard / / unwise / possible/ necessary…） (3)It is +a/an +名词+ to do...（如a pity/ a shame / a pleasure /one’s duty / an honor …） (4)It takes (sb.) some time / courage / patience …to do… (5)It requires courage / patience / hard work… to do…;2) 做宾语 she determined to learn English well. He failed to pass the exam.;某些及物动词think, believe, consider, feel, find, make等后常用it作形式宾语 We all find it impossible not to do homework in French class. 动词不定式做定语：当不定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语时，要用主动表被动。 His words are difficult to understand.;3) 做表语 Her wish is to become an artist. To do this would be to cut the foot to fit the shoe.;4) 做定语(后置);5) 做状语：我们经常用不定式来做状语，修饰动词，表示动作的目的，结果或原因。;不定式常在做表语的形容词之后做状语。 I am sorry/ glad to hear that. He was annoyed to hear them talk like that.;这类形容词还有： proud , happy, surprised, eager, ready, kind, lucky, (un)fortunate, (un)able, (un)willing, disappointed, angry, clever, unwise, quick, slow, foolish, rude, wrong etc.;** Note:;(B) (v) + sb + to do sth/ (v) + doing sth advise, allow, forbid, encourage, permit, recommend.;不带to的不定式： would rather… than… do nothing/more than… Eg. I would rather die than __________. During the course he did nothing but __________. cannot but… cannot choose but… cannot help but… have nothing to do but… Eg. I cannot but _______ his courage. She could do nothing but _______. Why…? Why not do…?;(D.) 作独立成分 to tell the truth, to be frank, to be exact, to begin with, to make matters worse, to make a long story short needless to say eg. To be frank, I don’t like your hairstyle. (E.) 不定式与疑问词who, which, when, where等连用, 在句中可充当主语, 表语,宾语等. eg. I have no idea wh