SBR法常_低温下生活污水短程硝化的实现及特性_郑雅楠.pdf

中国环境科学 2009,29(9)：935~940 China Environmental Science SBR 法常、低温下生活污水短程硝化的实现及特性 郑雅楠 1,滝川哲夫 2,郭建华 3,王淑莹 1,黄惠珺 1,王中玮 1,彭永臻 1* (1.北京工业大学北京市水质科学与水 环境恢复工程重点实验室,北京 100124；2.前桥工科大学,日本 前桥 371-0816；3.哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程 学院,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150090) 摘要：采用序批式反应器(SBR)处理实际生活污水,通过实时控制好氧曝气时间,在常温下快速实现短程硝化,并在低温下长期维持稳定的短程硝化. 结果表明,随着温度逐渐降低,比氨氧化速率略微减缓,27℃的平均比氨氧化速率是13℃时的1.68倍,但亚硝化积累率始终维持在90%以上,该温度区 间内氨氧化反应的温度系数为 1.051.通过荧光原位杂交(FISH)技术对低温下维持稳定短程硝化的污泥进行种群分析发现,实时控制策略为氨氧化 菌(AOB)成为优势硝化菌群创造了有利条件,AOB 的相对百分含量达到 8%~9%,而亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB)逐渐被淘洗出反应器.在低温下要实现短 程硝化,可首先在常温下利用好氧曝气时间实时控制实现亚硝态氮的积累和 AOB 的优势生长,然后通过逐渐降温使 AOB 适应在低温下生长. 关键词：SBR；短程硝化；氨氮化菌(AOB)；实时控制；荧光原位杂交技术(FISH)；生物脱氮 中图分类号：X703.1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-6923(2009)09-0935-06 Partial nitrification via nitrite at ordinary and low temperatures in an SBR treating domestic wastewater. ZHENG Ya-nan 1, AKIO Takigawa2, GUO Jian-hua3, WANG Shu-ying1, HUANG Hui-jun1, WANG Zhong-wei1, PENG Yong-zhen1* (1.Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China；2.Maebashi Institute of Technology, Kamisatory-cho, Maebashi Gunma 371-0816, Japan；3.School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China). China Environmental Science, 2009,29(9)：935~940 Abstract：Through real-time aeration duration control, partial nitrification was carried out in a lab-scale SBR at normal temperatures and maintained for a long time even at low temperatures. The specific ammonia oxidation rate would be reduced with decrease of the temperature. The average specific ammonia oxidation rate at 27℃ was 1.68 times of that at 13℃. The temperature coefficient of ammonia oxidation reaction in the reactor was ascertained 1.501 according to the Arrhenius expression. When nitrite accumulation ratio was steadily kept