名词性从句[资料].pptVIP

Noun Clause;在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句.;（一）引导名词性从句的连接词;不可省略的连接词;（二）主语从句; 用it作形式主语的基本情况： ;（三）表语从句;（四）宾语从句; ①用if 会引起误解，就要用whether。 Please let me know whether you want to go. ②宾语从句中的whether 与or not直接连用，就不能换成if；不直接连用，可换。 I don’t know whether or not the report is true. I don’t know whether/ if the report is true or not. ③ 介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。whether 可与不定式连用。 It depends on whether we have enough time. ? They don’t know whether to go there. ;（五）同位语从句;名词性从句重难点归纳分析 ;1、that和what都可以引导名词性从句， that是连接词，本身无词义，仅起连接作用，不在从句中担任任何成份； what是连接代词，不仅引导名词性从句，而且在从句中充当一定的成份，如主语、宾语或表语。 That he stole a bike was true. 　 The important thing is what you do,??but not what you say. ;2、单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用复数形式。 　 Where and when he was born has not been found. 　 When the person was murdered and why he was murdered are still unknown. ;3、在名词性从句中一律用陈述句的语序，即使从句表达的是疑问含义。 The problem is what he has done to the little boy. ;4、 引导主语从句的that不能省略。但为避免头重脚轻，可以用it作为形式主语，而把真正主语从句放到后面。如果that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，必须以it作形式主语而把主语从句后置。 　Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week? ;5、宾语从句的谓语动词时态受主句谓语动词的影响，如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句中的谓语动词可以用各种时态；如果主句中的谓语动词用了一般过去时，则从句中的谓语动只能用过去时的某种形式，但如果从句表达的是客观真理或客观存在则不受此影响。 　We believed that he had earned enough money to build a house. ;?6、与“命令、要求、建议”等相关的名词性从句中通常用虚拟语气??虚拟语气的构成是“should＋动词原形”或省去should。 　 She insisted that she not be sent to the countryside. 　 如果suggest作“表明、暗示”，insist作“坚持说、坚持认为”, 则其后的宾语从句中应该用陈述语气。 　 The smile on his face suggested that he had passed the examination. ;;10、 引导宾语从句的连接词that一般可以省略，但如果有二个或二个以上的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可以省略。 　 He said (that) the text was very difficult and that we had to work hard at it. ;11、当主句是 I/ We think ( suppose, expect, believe, guess, imagine) 时，其后的宾语从句如果是否定形式，常把否定词not从从句中转移到主句中，成为否定的转移。 We don’t believe that he will win the game. ;12、如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则必须用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置，并且that 不能省略。 He has made it clear that he will not give in. ;13、doubt