专升本专项一语法版2010范例.doc

 PAGE 40 专项训练一 语法 一 非谓语动词 非谓语动词指分词、不定式和动名词。它们在句中不能单独作谓语,不受主语人称和数的限制,可充当除谓语外的各种句子成分。在各类考试中,非谓语动词为语法测试的重中之重。 第一节 分词 英语中分词包括现在分词和过去分词,其基本形态为v-ing和v-ed。现在分词与过去分词的区别主要表现在语态和时间概念上。在语态上,现在分词(除被动式外)表示主动含义,过去分词表示被动含义。在时间上,现在分词表示动作正在进行。过去分词表示动作已完成。例如:developing countries (发展中国家)/developed countries (发达国家),the touching tale(动人的传说) the touched audience(受感动的观众)。 1现在分词 现在分词可在句中作定语及状语。 讲解要点 (1)作定语 1.现在分词作定语时多置于它所修饰的名词前。例如: a pressing question (一个紧迫的问题),an embarrassing question (一个令人难堪的问题) ② 现在分词作定语时也可置于它所修饰的名词之后。例如:There were no soldiers drilling.(没有士兵在训练。) ③ 现在分词短语一般都置于它所修饰的名词之后。例如:a little child learning to walk (学走路的小孩子) (2)作状语 讲解要点 现在分词及其短语也可作状语,表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。其动作可能发生在谓语动词之前或之后,也可能与谓语动词的动作同时发生。 1.表示时间。例如: Walking on the street, I met an old classmate of mine. 强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生时,现在分词之前可用连词when或while。 例如:When seeing those pictures, he couldn’t help thinking of his childhood. ② 表示原因。例如: Being sick, I stayed at home. She caught cold sitting on the grass. ③ 表示条件。例如: Adopting this method, we will solve this problem. Turning to the right, you will see the post office. ④ 表示让步。例如: Admitting what she has said, I still think she hasn’t tried her best. ⑤ 表示结果。例如: His wife died last year, leaving him three children. It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in that country. ⑥ 表示方式或伴随情况。例如: He ran up to her breathing heavily. Please fill in the form, giving your name, address, etc. 例题 1) While the sun, the satellite has sent more than four billion bits of information back to earth. (CET 4:1994.1) A. having orbited B. being orbited C. having been orbited D. orbiting 选D。现在分词短语作时间状语。同时应该考虑语态问题。 2) the earth to be flat, many feared that Columbus would fall off the edge of the earth. (CET4:1996.6) A. Having believed B. Believing C. Believed D. Being believed 选B。现在分词短语作状语表示原因。同时应该考虑语态问题。 3) Television has become a major instrument of communication, us to see as well as to hear all kinds of programs. A

文档评论(0)

1亿VIP精品文档

相关文档