1纳米材料及其技术的应用前景.pdfVIP

42 　　材料工程/ 2000年3期 纳米材料及其技术的应用前景 Nanom eter M aterials Nanotecho logy and T heir Application Prospect 张中太, 林元华, 唐子龙, 张俊英 ( 清华大学新型陶瓷与精细工艺国家重点实验室, 北京　100084) ZHANG Zhong-tai, LIN Yuan-hua, TAN G Zi-long, ZHANG Jun-ying ( State Key Labor ato ry of New Cer am ic and Fine Pr ocessing o f Tsing hua U niv ersity , Beijing 100084, China) 摘要: 纳米材料由于其独特的表面效应、体积效应以及量 子尺寸效应, 使得材料的电学、力学、磁学、光学等性能产 生了惊人的变化。纳米技 术在精细陶瓷、微电子学、生物工程、化工、医学等领域的成功应用及其广阔的应 用前景, 使 得纳米材料及其技术成为目前科学研究的热点之一, 被认为是21世纪的又一次产业革命。 关键词: 纳米材料; 量子尺寸效应; 精细陶瓷; 纳米技术 中图分类号: T F 123　　文献标识码: A 　　文章编号: 1001-4381 ( 2000) 03-0042-07 Abstract: The properties o f electro nics, m echanics, m agnetics and o ptics of nano meter materials w ere chang ed g reatly because o f their par ticular surface effect, v olume effect and quantum size ef- fect. Nanotechnology w as applied successfully to fine ceramics, m icroelectronics, bioeng ineer ing , chem ical engineering and pharmacy fields. Its w idely applied pro spect m ade nanometer mater ials and corresponding nanotechnolo gy beco me one of the hot topics in the scientific resear ch field, w hich have g reat im pro vem ents on the m aterials super -plasticity and high-streng th , these characteristics have sig nificant effects on the electronics, therm al dy nam ics , mag netics and optics o f m aterials, they are reg arded as another industrial r ev olution in the 21th century. Key words: nano meter mater ials; quantum size effect; fine ceramics; nano technolog y 　　 著名的诺贝尔奖获得者 Feynem an 在20世纪60 中间领域。在纳米材料中, 界