地球物理学原理北大版教材chpt1principleofgeophysics-preface.ppt

地球物理学原理Principle of Geophysics; 地球物理学原理Principle of Geophysics;Outline for each chapters（72学时）;Chinese references;English references;Learn principles of Geophysics Learn English vocabularies about Geophysics or Geoscience subject Learn how to read foreign books on Geophysics Learn how to think problems in English manner Can read journals or papers written in English in the future;Characteristics of the course;New words and phrases;Outline of the first class;;Geophysics is a subject to study interior of the earth and space environment in the angle of physics, which use physical principles and method, advanced electronic technology, GPS and INSAR to study the geophysical fields including natural and man-made seismic wave, gravity, magnetism, geoelectricity, geothermal and so on. To protect against and mitigate natural disasters. To Protect and improve the environment we live. To supply new theory, new method and new technology for national energy and resources exploration. ;预防与减轻自然灾害（地震、火山、滑坡等） Prediction and mitigation for natural disasters (earthquake, volcano, landslide, etc) 资源、能源探测 Mineral and energy exploration (water resource, mine, oil and gas, etc) （水资源、矿藏资源、石油天然气等） 考古 Archeology 工程地球物理 Civil and Engineering geophysics 军事 Military;;距离世贸大厦34公里远的帕利塞德(Palisades) 地震台记录到的9.11事件的地震波形 ;库尔斯克号沉没事件的调查 ;地球物理学是地球科学的一个年轻的分支，是现代地球科学的重要组成部分。无论是板块构造理论的确立和地球内部结构的发现，还是矿产、油气资源的勘探以及对地震、火山等地质灾害成因的认识与预测这些与人类生存息息相关的重要课题的研究，地球物理学在其中起了决定性作用。;Function and classification of Geophysics; Geophysics（一级学科）;随着工业发展（寻找石油天然气、金属与非金属矿产）的需要，勘探地球物理学发展很快，已经自成体系。 但是，近年来，随着地震观测仪器的改善，计算技术的改进，世界标准台网的建立，促进了定量地震学(quantitative seismology)的发展。 地球上地震、火山等自然灾害日益猖獗，随着人类工业发展对自然环境的破坏，导致环境恶化，地质灾害不断，越来越引起了人类的关注，不断地对地球物理学提出新的挑战。 普通地球物理学（研究尺度较大）和勘探地球物理学（研究局部问题）所使用的方法、原理、观测仪器近似。两者不存在矛盾。;Geophysicists are trained mathematicians, physicists and computer specialists. They all acquire a good grounding in descriptive geology to enable them to work closely with geologists in order to generate images of petr