Prenatal diagnosis of fetal congenital heart disease research progress.docVIP

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 17 Prenatal diagnosis of fetal congenital heart disease research progress [Keywords:] congenital heart disease; prenatal diagnosis; echocardiography; genetics; environmental factors Congenital heart disease (congenital heart disease, CHD) is the fetal period caused the cardiovascular abnormalities of cardiovascular malformations, the most common heart disease in children. In 1000 the baby was born alive, about 8 occur in this disease , so popular with prenatal diagnosis of clinical importance. Currently, prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease were the main methods of echocardiography, genetic analysis and investigation of environmental factors, prenatal diagnosis of fetal CHD article on the research progress to be reviewed. 1 fetal echocardiography new technology Winberg 1972, the first report of fetal cardiac echocardiography. Although placental blood flow Doppler ultrasound was first used in the detection, M-mode echocardiography study of the fetal heart has been for many years, but until the two-dimensional ultrasound imaging and color The emergence of Doppler ultrasound system, which makes the fetal cardiovascular check into a new area, and with rapid development. At present more high-tech into the fetal cardiovascular testing, such as tissue Doppler imaging, tissue velocity imaging, tissue harmonic imaging, power Doppler imaging, three-dimensional echocardiography and so on. 1.1 Tissue Doppler imaging in 1992, McDicken first proposed such as tissue Doppler imaging (doppler tissue imaging, DTI) technology In 2003, Tutschek [1] DTI technique using the normal late pregnancy in the study of fetal cardiac activity found that the technology can display all fetal myocardial movement, the classification of fetal arrhythmia and positioning, and thus the heart of global and local features of a monitoring role. However, DTI technology also has some disadvantages: If the fetus is very sensitive to movement, and limited by th