心电监.doc

PAGE  毕 业 设 计 毕 专 业： 电子信息工程 二〇一〇年六月  天津职业技术师范大学本科生毕业设计 基于单片机的心电监护仪 Based on MCU ecg monitoring instrument 2010 年 6 月  摘 要 心脏疾病是威胁人类健康的主要疾病之一，而心电监护仪能即时发现心脏活动的异常状态，对心脏疾病的预防、早期诊断和治疗具有非常重要的意义。 本文根据现有心电监护仪的不足，设计了一种基于AT16单片机的心电监护仪,该系统以ATmega16微处理器为核心，采集到的心电信号经过单片机，可得出被测者的心率，并且还可通过外接示波器，显示出心电图，具有性能强、功耗低、成本低等优点。 其主要的工作内容如下：首先介绍了心电信号产生的原理、心电图中各波段的意义和心电信号的提取方法，分析了心电信号的特点及干扰因素，给出了心电信号调理电路的设计要求，并设计了心电监护仪的总体结构。设计了心电监护仪的整个硬件电路，包括心电信号提取及调理电路和心电信号采集及处理电路两大部分。以运算放大器AD620、设计了调理电路中的前级放大电路、和后级放大电路，设计了0．05Hz高通滤波电路、100Hz低通滤波电路和50Hz陷波电路，并通过软件对前级和后级放大电路的传输特性进行了仿真研究。以ATmega16为硬件平台设计了心电信号采集及处理电路，并对主要的电路单元进行了介绍。 最后，对心电监护仪进行了测试，实验结果表明系统能较好地实现信号采集、数据处理和显示等功能，证明了心电监护仪设计方案的可行性。 关键词： 心电监护仪；ATmega16；心电信号；心电信号提取及调理电路 ABSTRACT Heart disease is the main threat to human health and disease of heart function of electrocardiogram abnormalities of the activities that instant, to heart disease prevention, early diagnosis and treatment has the extremely vital significance. According to the existing shortage of electrocardiogram machine, introducing embedded system technology, design a kind of AT16 based on SCM ecg machine, this system to ATmega16 microprocessors as the core, with resistance, low power consumption, low cost advantage. The main content of the work are as follows: firstly introduces the principle of ecg signals, and the significance of the band of ecg signal and the extraction method, analyzes the characteristics of ecg signals and interference factors, presents the design of ecg signal circuit design requirements, and the overall structure of electrocardiogram machine. The design of the hardware circuit electrocardiogram machine, including electrocardiosignal extraction and regulate circuit and signal acquisition and processing circuit. To design the amplifier AD620 and circuit in the former stage amplifier circuit, drive circuit and right after the amplifier circuit design, the level of 0.0