回收船舶柴油机冷却水余热的高温热泵的研究.docVIP

回收船舶柴油机冷却水余热的高温热泵的研究 黄天河，陈武 (集美大学轮机工程学院，福建 厦门 361024) 摘要：利用高温热泵从船舶柴油机冷却水中回收余热，产生高温水蒸汽，供船舶营运需要，可有效实现船舶的运行节能。本文在探讨分析高温热泵的国内外研究现状的基础上，选取了4种单纯工质R123，R142b,R124以及R245fa，并由它们单独或者混合地组成5种适用于回收船舶柴油机余热的高温热泵的高温工质；对于采用该5种高温工质的高温热泵的理论循环性能进行了考察研究。 关键词：船舶柴油机；余热；高温热泵；工质 中图分类号：TB612 文献标识码：A 文章编号：N078 Research on High-temperature Heat Pump Reclaiming Residual Heat from the Cooling Water of Marine Diesel Engines HUANG Tianhe, CHEN Wu (Institute of Marine Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361024, Fujian , China) Abstract: Taking use of high-temp heat pump to reclaim the residual heat from cooling water of marine diesel engine to produce high-temperature steam to meet the daily demand for ship’s operation, the ship could be significantly energy-efficient In this paper the research status quo at home or abroad for the high-temp heat pump was reviewed. Meanwhile four pure working fluids, i.e. R123, R142b, R124 and R245fa were selected, and five pure or mixed high-temp working fluids for such high-temp heat pumps to reclaim the residual heat from marine diesel engines were therefore formed from them. The performance of the theoretical cycle for those heat pumps respectively adopting the five working fluids was investigated. Keywords: Marine diesel engine; residual heat; high-temp heat pump; working fluid 引言 船舶柴油机余热主要包括：（1）排气余热；（2）冷却水余热如气缸及活塞冷却水所带走的热量；(3) 其它散热如由柴油机机体、空气冷却器、滑油冷却 器等所散失的热量，这部分余热利用较困难，经济价值不高。目前对于船舶柴油机余热的利用主要集中在通过废气锅炉、燃气轮机、废气涡轮增压器等对柴油机的排气余热进行回收利用，相关的技术和Corresponding author: Dr. CHEN Wu。 E– mail: .chenwu73@263.net. Foundation item: Science and Technology Plan Project of Fujian Province(2007F3071); Science and Technology Plan Project of Fujian Education Department (JA07132) 当今节能问题已日益引起各级政府和社会的 重视；船舶作为能源消耗大户，如何提高船舶对能源的利用率，回收利用船舶热力设备的各项余热，已成为业界致力研究的课题。船舶柴油机燃料产生的热能中仅有45%左右有效地转化为输出功[1]，其余则作为余热，排放到船外，造成很大的能源浪费； 通讯作者：陈武，1973年出生，男，博士，现从事船舶制冷空调装置、高温热泵的研究。基金项目：福建省科技计划项目(2007F3071)；福建省教育厅科技项目（JA07132）。 133