小型孵化箱温湿度控制系统讲述.doc

摘 要 孵化设备是模拟自然界的孵化环境，为胚胎发育提供适宜的条件，用于家禽种蛋孵化的一种仿生学应用。当前孵化设备温度和湿度的控制精度不高，价格昂贵，孵化管理效率不高。基于以上原因，本文设计了基于单片STC89C51的智能孵化箱温湿度测控系统，该系统主要有数字主控单元孵化箱加热器加湿器传感器电机风扇等单元构成。数字主控单元主要有按键显示模块温度湿度采集模块输出控制等模块构成。 温湿度传感器SHT10采集孵化箱内的温湿度并进过一系列转化计算传送给单片机，单片机与预设值比较，然后通过光电耦合器TLP521和功率驱动芯片ULN2803AG以及继电器等组成的输出控制部分电路来控制孵化箱加温或减温加湿或减湿，通风等来实现要求达到的孵化条件。另外按键显示模块为用户提供了人机交互的通道，用户可以通过键盘输入预先需要设定的参数，比如温度湿度值等。LCD显示模块能够显示实时检测的温度和湿度。报警系统当温度湿度超过报警值之后产生报警。 硬件系统设计完成后，在此基础上运用C语言编写了单片机驱动硬件的程序，并运用PROTEUS仿真软件进行了仿真，做了简单的实物试验，证明该设计能达到基本的设计要求且成本低廉，适合小型孵化控制的需求。最后对所设计的进行了总结反思，讨论了该设计的不足之处和今后的改进方向，为此类设计今后系统性能的进一步提高奠定了基础。 关键词: 孵化箱单片机温湿度控制 Abstract Incubation equipment is a bionic application for poultry breeder eggs hatch, to simulate the hatching environment of nature, providing the suitable conditions for embryonic development. Now the temperature and humidity controlling accuracy of the incubation equipment is not high, which is expensive with poor efficiency incubator management. For these many reasons, this paper designed a temperature and humidity measurement and control system for the intelligent incubator based on microcontroller STC89C51, which mainly includes the digital master control unit, incubator, heater, humidifier, sensor, motor, fan and other units. Digital master control unit mainly consists of keys display module, temperature humidity acquisition module, output control modules, etc. The temperature and humidity collected by the temperature and humidity sensor SHT10 in the hand in a series of transformation calculation is transmitted to MCU. MCU compared it with preset value, and then through the output of the photoelectric coupler TLP521 and power drive chip ULN2803AG and relay controls part of the circuit to control the incubator of heating or cooling, humidification or dehumidification, ventilation, etc, to realize the required incubation conditions. Besides the key display module provides users with human-computer interaction, in which users can through the keyboard input parameters needed to be s