水利水电工程专业英语——水利工程施工篇浅析.docxVIP

水利水电工程专业英语——水利工程施工篇1. Concrete-Faced Rockfill Dams’ Plinth Construction1.混凝土面板堆石坝的趾板施工Essentially two types of plinth geometry have been used by the Commission namely: (1) with the apron made horizontal in a direction normal to the plinth line; (2) with the apron made horizontal in a direction normal to the dam axis. Following Cethana, plinths of the second type have been adopted to minimize excavation, especially in deep terrain. However, the gains thus achieved have not been without some compensating losses. Very awkward apron surfaces result, which do not facilitate a highly mechanized approach to the later operations of forming, concreting, drilling and grouting. In the Commission’s situation this has reduced their appeal to the point where reverting to the original design is being seriously considered.委员会中应用了两种基本类型的趾板几何形状，即：（1）带有与趾板线垂直的水平型护坦；（2）带有与坝轴线垂直的水平型护坦。下面的塞沙那坝中，应用了第二种类型以尽量减少开挖，特别是在深层地形中。然而，这样取得的成就并非没有一些补偿损失。很尴尬的护坦表面导致了混凝土浇筑、钻孔和灌浆，而这不利于一个高度机械化的方法随后的立模操作。从委员会的处境来说，这已经将它们的应用降低到了开始认真考虑恢复原始设计的那点。At Cethana the plinth was constructed from the rockfill as the dam was raised. Subsequently this procedure has been avoided because of the programme restraints it imposes. In relatively narrow valleys with working space limited, where climatic conditions can affect the rate of progress and where an unforeseen foundation problem can have a major influence on programme we have thought it desirable to provide access from upstream.在塞沙那坝中趾板是随着大坝的抬升而用堆石修建。由于它所施加的程序限制，随后这个过程被避免使用。在工作空间有限的相对狭窄河谷，在那里气候条件能够影响进度速率且一个不可预见的基础问题可能对计划有重大的影响，我们认为这须要从上游提供入口。1.1 Plinth excavation1.1趾板开挖Where road access is available or where abutments are no steeper than approximately 30 degrees, excavation is typically done with tracked earthmoving equipment, especially hydraulic excavators. Where drilling and blasting is necessary, crawler mounted percussion drills both pneumatic and hydraulic, are used. The use of explosives must be carefully controlled if damage to the plinth foundation is to be av