GEODETICCONTROLSURVEYS-SchoolofTechnology.pdfVIP

GEODETIC CONTROL SURVEYS A control survey is a class of survey that establishes positions of points with a high degree of accuracy in order to support activities such as mapping and GIS, property boundary surveys, construction projects, etc. In addition, established control nets with a network of monumented control points can provide a unified coordinate base for survey and other activities within the area Geodetic Network surveys are distinguished by use of redundant, interconnected, permanently monumented control points that comprise the framework for the National Spatial Reference System (NSRS) or are incorporated into NSRS (p 1-1, FGDC) Control points that are submitted to be included in the NSRS must be surveyed to far more rigorous accuracy and quality assurance standards than control for general engineering, construction, or topographic mapping Standards of Accuracy and Classification of Control Surveys A Survey Standard may be defined as the minimum accuracies deemed necessary to meet specific objectives (McKay, Positioning Accuracy Standards, ACSM-MSPS Workshop held in 1999) Survey standards provide quality assurance as well as consistency in a survey, and also help re-establish missing survey monuments Control surveys and networks are usually classified based on the standard of accuracy of established control points Conventional control surveys have been classified based on the relative positional accuracy between directly connected control points as a ratio of the horizontal separation between them Example: If two points A and B are 13,786 meters apart, and the positional accuracy of one point relative to the other is 0.128 meters, then the relative accuracy between them is 0.128/13,786 = 1/(13,786/0.128) = 1/107,703 It is clear that, if a higher accuracy classification is needed when the relative positional error is constant, then the separation between points needs to be larger If the length