【2017年整理】二次函数与中考压轴题分类选讲(一).ppt

二次函数与中考压轴题分类选讲   Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 一、二次函数的最值问题1.利用几何对称性求最值问题  Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 1、A，B是直线l同侧的两点，点P在直线L上，问点P在何处时，才能使PA+PB为最小？或△PAB周长最短. B ● ● A ● ● P C L Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 2.A,B在直线L的两侧，在直线L上找一点P使得∣PB-PA∣差值最大？ B1 A B L P Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 3.线段CD是直线L上的一条动线段。当线段CD滑动到何处时使四边形ACDB周长最短 L A B C D A1 F D C Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 4.直线a∥b，直线a⊥直线c，点A,B是直线a上的两个定点。在直线c上找一点C，在直线b上找一点D，使得四边形ABCD周长最短。 c b a A B C D B1 A1 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 5.A、B为村庄，C、D为河流上的桥梁，C、D在何处时A到B的路程最短。 A B C D B1 C C D Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 例1 已知：抛物线y=ax2+bx+c(a≠0)的对称轴为x=-1，与x轴交于A,B两点，与y轴交于点C，其中A(-3,0),C(0,-2)。（1）求这条抛物线的函数解析式。（2)已知在对称轴上存在一点P，使得△PBC的周长最小，请求出点P的坐标。 分析 ： （1）y= (x+3)(x-1) Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. A B C O x y P 分析： P(-1,-4/3) Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 例2. 抛物线y=ax2+bx+c(a≠0)交x轴于A,B两点，交y轴于点c，已知抛物线的对称轴为直线x=-1。B(1,0），C(0,-3).（1）求抛物线的解析式。（2）在抛物线对称轴上是否存在一点P，使PA-PC的差最大？若存在求P坐标。 分析： y=(x-1)(x+3) Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. A B C 1 -3 X=-1 x y P 分析： P(-1,-6) Evaluatio