Comparative Genome Analysis of Campylobacter fetus Subspecies Revealed Horizontally Acquired Genetic Elements Important for Virulence and Niche Specicity.docVIP

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Comparative Genome Analysis of Campylobacter fetus Subspecies Revealed Horizontally Acquired Genetic Elements Important for Virulence and Niche Specicity.doc

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Comparative Genome Analysis of Campylobacter fetus Subspecies Revealed Horizontally Acquired Genetic Elements Important for Virulence and Niche Specicity

ComparativeGenomeAnalysisofCampylobacterfetus SubspeciesRevealedHorizontallyAcquiredGenetic ElementsImportantforVirulenceandNicheSpecificity SabineKienesberger1,2,7*,HannaSprenger1,7,StellaWolfgruber1,BettinaHalwachs5,6, GerhardG.Thallinger5,6,GuillermoI.Perez-Perez2,3,MartinJ.Blaser2,3,4,EllenL.Zechner1, GregorGorkiewicz7* 1Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University ofGraz, Graz,Austria, 2Department ofMedicine,NYULangone Medical Center,New York, New York, United States of America,3DepartmentofMicrobiology,NYULangoneMedicalCenter,NewYork,NewYork,UnitedStatesofAmerica,4MedicalService,VANewYorkHarborHealthcare System, New York, New York, United States of America, 5Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria, 6Core Facility Bioinformatics,AustrianCentreofIndustrialBiotechnology,Graz,Austria,7InstituteofPathology,MedicalUniversityofGraz,Graz,Austria Abstract Campylobacter fetus are important animal and human pathogens and the two major subspecies differ strikingly in pathogenicity.C.fetussubsp.venerealisishighlyniche-adapted,mainlyinfectingthegenitaltractofcattle.C.fetussubsp. fetushasawiderhost-range,colonizingthegenital-andintestinal-tractofanimalsandhumans.Wereportthecomplete genomic sequence of C. fetus subsp. venerealis 84-112 and comparisons to the genome of C. fetus subsp. fetus 82-40. FunctionalanalysisofgenespredictedtobeinvolvedinC.fetusvirulencewasperformed.Thetwosubspeciesarehighly syntenicwith92%sequenceidentitybutC.fetussubsp.venerealishasalargergenomeandanextra-chromosomalelement. Asidefromapparentgenetransferagentsandhypotheticalproteins,theuniquegenesinbothsubspeciescomprisetwo knownfunctionalgroups:lipopolysaccharideproduction,andtypeIVsecretionmachineries.Analysesoflipopolysaccharide- biosynthesisgenesinC.fetusisolatesshowedlinkagetoparticularpathotypes,andmutationalinactivationdemonstrated their roles in regulating virulence and host range. The comparative analysis presented here broadens knowledge o