Blow Flies Were One of the Possible Candidates for Transmission of Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus during the 2004 Outbreaks in Japan英文文献资料.docVIP

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Blow Flies Were One of the Possible Candidates for Transmission of Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus during the 2004 Outbreaks in Japan英文文献资料.doc

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Blow Flies Were One of the Possible Candidates for Transmission of Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus during the 2004 Outbreaks in Japan英文文献资料

HindawiPublishingCorporation In?uenzaResearchandTreatment Volume2011,ArticleID652652,8pages doi:10.1155/2011/652652 ReviewArticle BlowFliesWereOneofthePossibleCandidatesfor TransmissionofHighlyPathogenicH5N1AvianIn?uenzaVirus duringthe2004OutbreaksinJapan Kyoko Sawabe, Keita Hoshino, Haruhiko Isawa, Toshinori Sasaki, Kyeong Soon Kim, ToshihikoHayashi,YoshioTsuda,HiromuKurahashi,andMutsuoKobayashi DepartmentofMedicalEntomology,NationalInstituteofInfectiousDiseases,1-23-1Toyama,Shinjuku-ku,Tokyo162-8640,Japan CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoKyokoSawabe,sawabe@nih.go.jp Received19August2010;Accepted15November2010 AcademicEditor:MasajiMase Copyright?2011KyokoSawabeetal.ThisisanopenaccessarticledistributedundertheCreativeCommonsAttributionLicense, whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkisproperlycited. The2003-2004H5N1highlypathogenicavianin?uenza(HPAI)outbreaksinJapanwerethe?rstsuchoutbreaksin79yearsin Japan.EpidemicoutbreakshavebeenoccurringinSoutheastAsia,withthemostrecentin2010.Knowledgeofthetransmission route responsible for the HPAI outbreaks in these countries remains elusive. Our studies strongly suggested that ?eld and laboratory studies focusing on mechanical transmissionby blow ?ies shouldbe considered to control H5N1 avianin?uenza outbreaks,inparticularinepidemicareas,wheretherearehighdensitiesofdi?erent?yspeciesthroughouttheyear.Inthispaper, wereviewthese?eldandlaboratoryentomologicalstudiesanddiscussthepossibilityofblow?iestransmittingH5N1viruses. 1.AvianIn?uenza OutbreaksinJapan FromJanuary2004toMarch2004,therewereoutbreaks ofacute,highlytransmissible,lethaldiseasesinchickensat fourpoultryfarmsinJapan:oneinOita,oneinYamaguchi, andtwoinKyotoPrefecture(Figure1).Virusisolatesfrom infected chickens were all identi?ed as in?uenza A virus of the H5N1 subtype [5]. Such highly pathogenic avian in?uenza(HPAI)epidemicshadnotbeenreportedinJapan for 79 years. Two avian in?uenza outbreaks at poultry farms inTamba T