词汇学同义词剖析.pptxVIP

英译2班 徐博书 韩露露 马蓉 何金梦 sense relations between words Chapter 7 Lead-in remarks food – meat (inclusion) word formation – word building (similarity / sameness) short – long (oppositeness) right – write (same sound yet different spelling and meaning) Definition of synonymy 1.polysemic words 一词多义 A polysemic word couldn’t have the same synonymous word for all its meanings. E.g. head He has a good head for history. aptitude ,talent To use one’s head mind, imagination It cost him his head life Headline ,headgear top Headlight, headwind front Definition of synonymy 2. Only the denotative meaning can be said to be identical or similar E.g. statement politician (different affective meaning) adult (formal) grown-up (colloquial) (different stylist meaning) Words maybe similar in denotation but usually differ in connotative, stylistic or affective meaning. A word having the same meaning as another word: as one of two or more words of the same language and grammatical category having the same essential or generic meaning and differing only in connotation, application or idiomatic use: one of two or more words having essentially identical definitions. Definition of synonymy Kinds of synonyms 04 There are two kinds of synonyms: Absolute (complete or perfect) synonyms 绝对同义词 Relative synonyms 相对同义词 “Words are seldom exactly synonymous” --Dr. Johnson Differences 05 1.In degree of a given quality or in shade of meaning E.g. small ,tiny ,diminutive ,minute, microscopic, infinitesimal anger, range, fury, indignation, wrath refuse, reject, decline Word Shades of meaning anger The most general term, suggests no definite degree of intensity, and carries n