亚里士多德_Aristotle__英文简单介绍_有用精选.ppt

Aristotle Born: 384 BCStagira, Chalcidice Died :322 BC (aged 62)Euboea Nationality: Greek Era : Ancient philosophy Region: Western philosophy School: Peripatetic schoolAristotelianism Main insterests Physics, Metaphysics, Poetry, Theatre, Music, Rhetoric, Politics, Government, Ethics, Biology, Zoology Notable? ideas Golden mean, Aristotelian logic, syllogism, hexis, hylomorphism, Aristotles theory of soul Influenced by Parmenides, Socrates, Plato, Heraclitus, Democritus Influenced Virtually all Western philosophy that came after his works; Alexander the Great, Cicero, Avicenna, Averroes, Maimonides, Albertus Magnus, Thomas Aquinas, Duns Scotus, Ptolemy, Copernicus, Galileo, and most of Islamic philosophy, Jewish philosophy, Christian philosophy, science and more.... a tradition of philosophy that takes its defining inspiration from the work of Aristotle Aristotelianism Peripatetic school physicsethicsterm logicview of womenview of God (unmoved mover) Conclude: Ideas Correspondence theory of truthhexisvirtue ethics (golden mean)four causestelosphronesiseudaimoniaaretetemporal finitismantiperistasisnaturepotentiality and actualityuniversals (substantial form)hylomorphismmimesiscatharsissubstances (ousia) and accidentsessencecategory of beingmagnanimitysensus communisrational animalgenus–differentia definition Aristotle was educated as a member of the aristocracy. At about the age of eighteen, he went to Athens to continue his education at Platos Academy. Aristotle remained at the Academy for nearly twenty years, not leaving until after Platos death in 347 BC. When Plato died, Aristotle was not chosen to lead the Academy after him. Soon afterwards, Aristotle left Athens and went to Macedon to be the tutor of the young prince Alexander, who grew up to be Alexander the Great. As far as we can tell, Alexander was not at all interested in learning anything from Aristotle, but they did become friends. Learning is an ornament in prosperit