perl随笔-20070706.docVIP

perl随笔变量 ID 项目 描述 $ARGV 传递进来的参数数组 $0 perl程序文件名 $ 一般变量 @ 数组 % 散列表 $#var_name 数组的最大下标 STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR 内置句柄，可以使用、关闭，重新open等 $ARG $_ 缺省的输入/循环变量 The default input and pattern-searching space. The following pairs are equivalent: while () {...} while (defined($_ = )) {...} /^Subject:/ $_ =~ /^Subject:/ tr/a-z/A-Z/ $_ =~ tr/a-z/A-Z/ chomp chomp($_) @_ @_ contains the parameters passed to that subroutine. $digits Contains the subpattern from the corresponding set of capturing parentheses from the last pattern match, not counting patterns matched in nested blocks that have been exited already. (Mnemonic: like \digits.) These variables are all read-only and dynamically scoped to the current BLOCK. $MATCH $ local $_ = abcdefghi; /def/; print $`:$:$\n; # prints abc:def:ghi $PREMATCH $` 见上面例子 $POSTMATCH $ 见上面例子 流程控制 ID 项目 描述 if( ! -f $ARGV[0] ) 判断文件是否存在 正则表达式 OPERATORS =~ determines to which variable the regex is applied. In its absence, $_ is used. $var =~ /foo/; !~ determines to which variable the regex is applied, and negates the result of the match; it returns false if the match succeeds, and true if it fails. $var !~ /foo/; m/pattern/igmsoxc searches a string for a pattern match, applying the given options. i case-Insensitive g Global - all occurrences m Multiline mode - ^ and $ match internal lines s match as a Single line - . matches \n o compile pattern Once x eXtended legibility - free whitespace and comments c dont reset pos on failed matches when using /g If pattern is an empty string, the last Isuccessfully matched regex is used. Delimiters other than / may be used for both this operator and the following ones. qr/pattern/imsox lets you store a regex in a variable, or pass one around. Modifiers as for m// and are stored