电路与模与拟3(徐淑华).ppt

第3章 电路的暂态分析 + _ 6v 10K? 1000PF 20K? uC u0 i t=0 S U 解：（1）确定初始值 uC(0+)=uC(0-)=0 u0(0+)=U=6v i(0+)=U/20=0.3mA （2）确定稳态值 uC(?)=(10/30)?6=2V u0(?)=(20/30)?6=4V i(?)=6/30=0.2mA （3）确定时间常数 R0=10//20=20/3? 如图所示的电路，求t?0时求：uC和u0，i及波形图 设uC(0-)=0 例5 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. ?= R0C=0.67?10-5 S + _ 6v 10K? 1000PF 20K? uC u0 i0 t=0 S U 4）代入 三要素公式: Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 2v t uC(t) t u0(t) 4v 6v t i0(t) 0.3mA 0.2mA Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 电路如图所示，开关S闭合前电路已处于稳态，在t=0时，将开关闭合，求t?0时，电压uC和电流iC，i1及i2 解：t=0-时 t ?0，电压源支路被短路，对右边的支路不起作用，是零输入响应 uC(0+) =uC(0-)=3V + _ S 3? 6V 1? 2? 5?F 例6 uC(?)=0V Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 3、电路初始值的确定 独立初始值 非独立初始值 ic (0+)、 uL (0+)、 iR (0+)、 uR (0+) 不遵循换路定律 直接受换路定律约束 ) 0 ( + C u iL(0+) 初始值为 t = 0＋时 u ，i 的值。 明确 uC (0+) = uC (0－) iL(0+)= iL(0－) 求解依据 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 求初始值的步骤: 1.由换路前电路（稳定状态）求uC(0－)和iL(0－)； 2.由换路定律得 uC(0+) 和 iL(0+)。 3.画0+等效电路。 4.由0+电路求所需各变量的0+值。 b. 电容（电感）用电压源（电流源）替代。 a. 换路后的电路 （取0+时刻值，方向与原假定的电容电压、电感电流方向相同）。 小结 0-时刻等效电路:电容视为开路，电感视为短路 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. (2) 由换路定律 uC (0+) = uC (0-)=8V + - 10V i iC + 8V - 10k 0+等效电路 (1) 由0-电路求 uC(0-) + - 10V + uC - 10k 40k uC(0-)=8V (3) 由0+等效电路求 iC(0+) + - 10V i iC + uC - k 10k 40k iC(0--)=0 iC(0+) 例1 t = 0时打开开关k , 求 iC(0+) Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. ? iL(0+)= iL(0-) =2A iL + uL - L 10V K 1? 4? 例2 t = 0时闭合开关k , 求 uL(0+) + uL - 10V 1? 4? 0+电路 2A iL