第十九章与 小专题 大智慧 核反应的“守恒定律”.pptVIP

返回 小专题 大智慧 技法指导 典题例析 第十九章 专题冲关 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 图2 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 原子核物理中，常提及核反应的“守恒规律”与“核能的计算”问题。事实上，在核反应过程中，由于核力对核子做功，会引起“核反应系统”(以下简称“系统”)的能量变化。 我们则把系统释放或吸收的这部分能量，叫做核能。从而，核反应即可分为质量亏损、释放核能和质量增加、吸收核能两大类型。其中，又以研究发生质量亏损、释放核能的一类核反应为教学重点，此类核反应又可以分为衰变、人工转变、裂变和聚变四种。 欲解决核反应中有关“守恒规律”与“核能的计算”问题，可利用以下几条“依据”： 1．五个守恒 (1)质量数守恒； (2)质子数(电荷数)守恒； (3)质量守恒(“亏损质量”与释放的“核能”相当)； (4)能量守恒； (5)动量守恒。 2．两个方程 (1)质能方程：E＝mc2，m指物体的质量； (2)核能：ΔE＝Δmc2。 3．一个半衰期(T) (1)剩余核数：N＝N0()； (2)剩余质量：m＝m0()。 [例1]　下列说法中正确的是(　　) A．中子和质子结合成氘核时吸收能量 B．升高放射性物质