高考名词性从句专题学案.docVIP

高考名词性从句专题学案 1.学习目标： 1. 掌握主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句的用法； 2. 辨别使用引导名词性从句的连接词； 3. 区分同位语从句和定语从句。 高考考查重点： 1. that和what引导名词性从句的区别； 2. 名词性从句的语序和时态； 3. it作形式主语、形式宾语的几种情况； 4. 宾语从句的否定转移； 5. whether和if的用法区别； 6. what在名词性从句中的使用； 7. who / whoever, what / whatever等的用法区别； 8. 连接词that的省略。引导名词性从句的连接词 可分为三类： 1. 连词：that, whether, if不充当从句的任何成分。 2. 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, which, whichever, whom, whose, etc.不仅起到连接一个句子的作用，同时也是从句的一个组成部分。 　 3. 连接副词：when, where, how, why, etc. 主语从句 e.g.：How the book will sell depends on its author. That he is the best student in the class is obvious. 主语从句常用it作形式主语放句首 有以下四种不同的结构 a. It + be + 形容词 + that-从句 　It is necessary that …　有必要……It is important that …重要的是…… 　It is obvious that …　很明显…… b. It + be + -ed分词 + that-从句 　It is believed that …人们相信…… 　It is known to all that …　众所周知…… 　It has been decided that …已决定…… c. It + be + 名词 + that-从句 　It is common knowledge that …　 ……是常识 　It is a surprise that …　令人惊奇的是……It is a fact that …事实是…… d. It + 不及物动词 + that-分句 　It appears that …似乎……It happens that …碰巧…… 　It occurred to me that …我突然想起…… 表语从句 需要注意的问题 1. 表语从句可以用that, why, where, when, how, whether, what, who, which等词引导。 2. 在that引导的表语从句中，that不能用which来替换。 3. 如果引出表语从句的名词是一些表示“建议”或者是“命令”之类的词, 如: advice, suggestion, proposal, order, plan, idea等, 那么从句中的动词通常用(should) + 动词原形。 1) My suggestion is that we all ________ (take) an active part in the coming sports meet. 2) His proposal was that the work _________ (finish) in five hours. 6.宾语从句 She did not know what had happened. She told me that she would accept my invitation. Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake. . it可以作为形式宾语 She has made it clear that she will get married next month. 同位语从句 它一般放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, belief, thought, doubt, promise, question等名词的后面,对前面的名词作进一步的解释, 说明前面名词的具体含义。注意:同位语从句有时被别的词把它和名词隔开 Word came that their team had won. 同位语从句的简易判断方法： 我们可以在名词和从句之间加be, 使之构成一个新句子，如果合乎逻辑，句子通顺，则是同位语从句，定语从句是不能用系表结构把先