【牛津版】湖南2016届高三英语第一轮复习学案第二部分第七讲情态动词和虚拟语气.doc

第七讲　情态动词和虚拟语气 一、情态动词的基本用法 情态动词 用　法 例　句 (1)表示禁止(用于否定句)。 You mustn’t park here！It’s an emergency exit. (2)表必要性意为“必须”。 —Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?must，in case he comes late for the meeting. (3)表示偏执固执意为“非得偏要”。 If you must gountil the storm is over. can和(1)表示“能力”。 —No one can be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball. (2)表示惊讶常用在否定句和疑问句中。 How could you do such a silly thing？ (3)表示礼貌地请求别人做某事意为“能可以”。 —This dish is really delicious.Could you please say it in Chinese? (4)cannot...too/ enough表示“无论……也不过分”；“越……越好”。 You can’t be too careful while driving. (1)用于第一、第三人称疑问句中表示说话人征求对方的 Shall I go out for a walk after supper? (2)用于第二、第三人称陈述句中表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。 —Will you read me a storyshall have one if you go to bed as soon as possible. may和(1)may和might表示“许可”、“可能性”、“祝愿”等意义。 —May I take this book out of the reading room? (2)“may as well＋动词原形”意为“最好倒不如”。 If you think the price of beef is too highmay as well buy some pork.It depends on you. will和would (1)表示意志、意愿和决心。 ①—Why didn’t you come to Simon’s party last night?would not let me out so late at night. ②I have told him again and again to stop smoking，but he will not listen. (2)will可以表示一种习惯的动作有“总是”或“总要”之意。 Every morning he will have a walk (3)would可以表示过去的习惯动作比used to正式但没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。 When we worked in the same firm several years agowould often go to the cinema together. 1．(2014·高考北京卷)________ I have a word with you? It won’t take long. 　　　　　　　　　 B．Must解析：选A。考查情态动词。句意：我能和你说句话吗？不会花费太长时间的。can“能够”用于含第一人称的问句中(Can/Could I．..？)表示请求和许可；must“必须”；shall用于第一人称的问句中(Shall I/we...)用于提建议或要求他人作决定should“应该”。根据have a word with you可知此处是在请求对方允许。(2014·高考江苏卷)It was sad to me that they________ bring me food. A．might　　　　　　　 B．would C．should　　　　　　　 D．could 解析：选C。考查情态动词。句意：他们自己那么穷should可以用在that引导的从句中跟在某些形容词或动词之后表示“竟然居然”带有惊讶的语气。故选C项。might可能或许可以；would(过去)总是愿意；could能够或许。(2014·高考重庆卷)I’ve ordered some pizza________ worry about cooking when we get home tired. A．can’t　　　　　　　　 B．dare not解析：选C。考查情态动词的基本用法。句意：我已经要了