单斗液压挖掘机工作装置的液压系统设计.docxVIP

2007级工程机械专业课程设计  PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 46 摘 要 液压挖掘机是工程机械的一个重要品种，是一种广泛用于建筑、铁路、公路、水利、采矿等建设工程的土方机械。液压挖掘机利用液压元件（液压泵、液压马达、液压缸等）带动各种构件动作，具有许多优点，于是它对液压系统的设计提出了很高的要求，其液压系统也是工程机械液压系统中最为复杂的。因此，对挖掘机液压系统的分析设计对推动我国挖掘机发展具有十分重要的意义。 液压技术是现代挖掘机的技术基础，其性能的优劣决定着挖掘机工作性能的高低，目前液压传动的许多先进技术都体现在挖掘机上。本文在介绍挖掘机及其液压传动技术的发展历史前提下，首先论述了挖掘机液压系统的基本回路，其次设计了挖掘机液压系统，包括工作原理分析，系统工作循环和工作回路进行分析，主要液压元件在系统中的作用，液压缸的结构设计和尺寸计算、强度校核、泵的流量计算，阀及其他液压元件的选择。 关键词：挖掘机,液压系统,液压泵,液压缸 Abstract Construction machinery hydraulic excavator is an important species, is a widely used in construction, railway, highway, water conservancy, mining and other construction projects of Earthmoving Machinery. The use of hydraulic excavator hydraulic components (hydraulic pumps, hydraulic motors, hydraulic cylinders, etc.) bring a variety of component movement, has many advantages, so it is the design of the hydraulic system of the high demands, and its hydraulic system engineering machinery hydraulic system is the most complex. Therefore, the analysis of excavator hydraulic system design in promoting the development of Chinas excavator of great significance. Hydraulic technology is the technical foundation of modern excavators, the merits of the function determines the level of excavators working, currently many advanced technology of hydraulic drive were reflected in the excavator. This paper introduces the technology of hydraulic excavators and its history, and under this premise, its discussed the basic circuit of hydraulic excavators. Followed by the design of the excavator hydraulic system, including the operating principle ,system duty cycle and working circuit analysis of the main hydraulic components in the systems role in the structural design of hydraulic cylinder and the size calculation, strength check, pump volume, valves and other hydraulic components of the selection。 Keywords: hydraulic,pump,hydraulic system of excavator,hydraulic cylinder 概述 挖掘机的液压系统是挖掘机上重要的组成部分，它是挖掘机工作循环的的动力系统。挖掘机的工作条件恶劣，且动臂和底盘动作非常频繁，因此要求液压系统工作稳定，平均无故障时