锌渣的氯盐浸液锌粉置换沉银与硫化沉银研究.doc

锌渣的氯盐浸液锌粉置换沉银与硫化沉银研究 高丽霞，戴子林，张魁芳，孔振兴，刘志强 (广东省稀有金属研究所 广东省稀土开发及应用重点，广州 510651) 摘要：对湿法炼锌过程产生锌废渣进行焙烧酸浸氯盐浸出得到的氯盐浸液进行锌粉置换沉银及硫化沉银和铅的研究。锌粉置换沉银最佳条件为：锌粉用量9理论量反应温度25 ℃置换时间1 h，银的置换率达到97%以上；硫化沉淀的最佳条件为：硫化钠用量1理论量反应温度室温反应时间1 h，的沉淀率为99.86%98.6%。硫化沉银后液配制的饱和溶液二次浸出酸浸渣，在液固5、90 ℃浸出4时，银的浸出率94.11%和90%，铅在氯盐浸渣中的含量为1.03%，硫化沉银后液可循化作为酸浸渣的氯盐浸出剂使用。 关键词：锌渣；氯盐浸液；锌粉；硫化；银；铅；置换；沉淀 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1007-7545（2017）06-0000-00 Study on Ag Replacement with Zinc Powder and Precipitation of Ag and Pb with Sodium Sulfide from Chloride Leaching Solution of Zinc Slag GAO Li-xia, DAI Zi-lin, ZHANG Kui-fang, KONG Zhen-xing, LI Gui-ying, LIU Zhi-qiang (Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Development and Application, Guangdong Institute of Rare Metals, Guangzhou 510651, China) Abstract：Ag was replaced by zinc powder and Ag/Pb was precipitated by sodium sulfide from chloride leaching solution of zinc slag from zinc hydrometallurgy applying roasting-acid leaching-chloride leaching. Ag replacing rate is 97% above under the optimum conditions including dosage of zinc powder of 9~10 times theoretical quantity, reaction temperature of 25 ℃, and reaction time of 1 h. Precipitating rate of Ag and Pb is 99.86% and 98.6% respectively under the optimum conditions including dosage of sodium sulfide of one time theoretical quantity, room temperature, and reaction time of 1.0 h. Acid leaching residue was leached by saturated NaCl solution prepared from sulfide liquid after Ag precipitation for 1.0 h at room temperature with L/S=5, leaching rate of Ag and Pb is 94.11% and 90% respectively, and lead content in chloride leaching residue is 1.03%. Solution after Ag precipitation with sodium sulfide can be reused as chloride leaching agent of acid-leaching residue. Key words：zinc slag; chloride leaching solution; zinc powder; sodium sulfide; Ag; Pb; replacement; precipitation 在湿法炼锌过程中，吨电锌0.9 t废渣废渣主要为铅银渣和铁矾渣，其中铅银渣中和含量约10%、20%；铁矾渣含Fe 25~30%、Zn 4~5%、Pb 1~2%，均被定性为“国家危险废物”（HW48）[1]。一种二次资源，锌冶炼废渣还含Ag 150~500 g/t、In 100~300 g/t等。因此