软件工程课件(英文版)unit 6.pptVIP

Advanced Software Engineering gu zhi hua Unit 6 Software Testing Assuring that a software system meets a users needs Verification vs validation Verification:  Are we building the product right The software should conform to its specification Validation: Are we building the right product The software should do what the user really requires The V V process Is a whole life-cycle process - V V must be applied at each stage in the software process. Has two principal objectives The discovery of defects in a system The assessment of whether or not the system is usable in an operational situation. Static and dynamic verification Software inspections Concerned with analysis of the static system representation to discover problems (static verification) May be supplement by tool-based document and code analysis Software testing Concerned with exercising and observing product behaviour (dynamic verification) The system is executed with test data and its operational behaviour is observed Static and dynamic VV Program testing Can reveal the presence of errors NOT their absence A successful test is a test which discovers one or more errors The only validation technique for non-functional requirements Should be used in conjunction with static verification to provide full VV coverage Types of testing Defect testing Tests designed to discover system defects. A successful defect test is one which reveals the presence of defects in a system. Statistical testing tests designed to reflect the frequence of user inputs. Used for reliability estimation. V V goals Verification and validation should establish confidence that the software is fit for purpose This does NOT mean completely free of defects Rather, it must be good enough for its intended use and the type of use will determine the degree of confidence that is needed V V confidence Depends on system’s purpose, user expectations and marketing environment Software function The level of confidence depends on how criti