(英汉双语)工程力学第八章 强度理论.ppt

§8–１ CONCEPTS OF STRENGTH THEORIES §8–１ 强度理论的概念 [例2] 薄壁圆筒受最大内压时,测得?x=1.88?10-4, ?y=7.37?10-4,已知钢的E=210GPa，[?]=170MPa,泊松比?=0.3，试用第三强度理论校核其强度。 解：由广义虎克定律得: A s x s y x y A 所以，此容器不满足第三强度理论。不安全。 32 Solution：Plot the diagram of Mohr’theory [? y] s a a o t [? L] O1 O2 Critical diagram of Mohr , s theory O3 ? 1 ? 3 M K L P N a Example 3 For a structural member made of cast iron, ?bL= 400MPa， ?by= 1200MPa. As a point with with the of plane stress yields according to Mohr’s strength theory, the maximum shearing stress is 450MPa. Try to determine the principal stresses at the point. 33 破坏判据： [例3] 一铸铁构件 ?bL= 400MPa， ?by= 1200MPa，一平面应力状态点按莫尔强度理论屈服时，最大剪应力为450MPa，试求该点的主应力值。 解：做莫尔理论分析图 [? y] s a a o t [? L] O1 O2 莫尔理论危险图 O3 ? 1 ? 3 M K L P N a 34 Sowing the above simultaneous equations, we get: That is Criterion of failure: 35 解 上述联立方程得 ： 36 Chapter 8 Exercises 1. When establishing the strength conditions in the complex stress state, why can we determine the allowable stress of a material according to the results of the simple-tension test? 2. The first and the second strength theories are only suitable for brittle materials and the third and the fourth strength theories are only suitable for plastic materials. Can we say like this? Why? 3. Try to write out the expressions of the equivalent stress of a circular shaft in torsion according to the four strength theories. Solution: 第八章 练习题 一、在建立复杂应力状态下的强度条件时，为什么可以根据简单拉伸的试验结果来确定材料的许用应力？ 二、第一和第二强度理论只适用于脆性材料；第三和第四强度理论只适用于塑性材料。这种说法是否正确，为什么？ 三、试按四个强度理论写出圆轴扭转时的相当应力表达式。 解： * Mechanics of Materials 1 2 CHAPTER 8 STHENGTH THEORIES §8–1 Concepts of strength theories §8–2 Four strength theories and their equivalent stresses §8–3 Mohr’s strength theory and its equivalent stress §8-4 Applications of strength theories 3 第八章 强度理论 §8–1 强度理论的概念 §8–2 四个强度理论及其相当应力 §8–3 莫尔强度理论及其相当应力 §8-4 强度理论的应用 4 1、Opening word