2016年高考英语总复习 语法专项 名词和数词课件 新人教版.pptVIP

名词和数词 一、名词 1．名词的数 (1)常用作复数的名词 ①有些名词只用作复数或在一些固定用法中只用作复数，如：make preparations (＝prepare)。 ②成双成对的东西一般只用作复数，如：scissors(剪刀)，glasses，trousers，shorts(短裤)，socks(短袜)。 (2)抽象名词、物质名词具体化 beauty(美，美貌)→a beauty(一个美人或一件美物) must(必须)→a must(一件必要的事或物) tea(茶)→a tea(一杯茶) 2．名词作定语 (1)用名词作定语修饰另一个名词时，通常用单数形式，如：toothbrushes牙刷；bookmarks书签。 (2)man和woman这两个词比较特殊，用单数还是复数取决于被修饰的名词，如：a man doctor一名男医生；two men doctors两名男医生。 (3)还有少数名词用其复数形式作定语，如：a clothes shop一家服装店；a sports man一名运动员。 3．名词的所有格 (1)表示各自的所有关系时，各名词末尾均须加s，如：Janes and Marys bikes。 (2)表示共有的所有关系时，在最后一词末加s，如：Jane and Marys father。 (3)表示“某人家”、“店铺”，所有格后的名词常省略，如：the doctors；the barbers。 二、数词 1．倍数的表达法 (1)倍数＋比较级＋than He has read three times more books than I have.他读的书是我读过的三倍。 (2)倍数＋as＋adj./adv.＋as We have produced three times as many computers as we did last year.我们生产的计算机是去年生产的三倍之多。 (3)倍数＋the＋n.(size，length，width，height...)＋of China is almost twice/double the size of Mexico in area.中国的面积是墨西哥面积的两倍。(比墨西哥大一倍) (4)倍数＋what从句 The length of the road is twice/double what it was three years ago.这条路的长度是三年前的两倍长。 (5)比较级＋than...＋by＋倍数 The ruler is longer than that one by twice.这把尺子比那把长两倍。 2．表示“每隔……”时，可以使用基数词或序数词，即“every＋基数词＋名词复数”或“every＋序数词＋名词单数”，如：表示“每隔两天”用every three days或every third day。 根据汉语提示完成句子 1．Our school library is ______________ (他们的两倍大)． 2．—What do you think of the project put forward by the Blacks? —Considering its ________________(实际价值)，it will be well worth putting into practice，I suppose. 3．The typical house cost about ______________(三倍) a family earned in a year. 4．John has got a fever these days，and he says he doesnt want to see a doctor，but Im afraid he ____________________(别无选择)． 5．Its a ____________________(普通的惯例) for young people to pay a New Years visit to their elders. 6．Before the Hope Project was carried out in this poor area，children here __________________(不能获得) to education. 7．What he told us about the situation simply doesnt ____________________(有意义)． 8．There is a lamp ________________(每隔九米) on both sides of the street. 【答案】1.twi