2017年春John Snow and the Broad Street Cholera Outbreak of 1854.docVIP

下载本文档

7
0
约 3页
2017-05-30 发布于河北
举报
版权申诉

2017年春John Snow and the Broad Street Cholera Outbreak of 1854.doc

1、原创力文档（book118）网站文档一经付费（服务费），不意味着购买了该文档的版权，仅供个人/单位学习、研究之用，不得用于商业用途，未经授权，严禁复制、发行、汇编、翻译或者网络传播等，侵权必究。。
2、本站所有内容均由合作方或网友上传，本站不对文档的完整性、权威性及其观点立场正确性做任何保证或承诺！文档内容仅供研究参考，付费前请自行鉴别。如您付费，意味着您自己接受本站规则且自行承担风险，本站不退款、不进行额外附加服务；查看《如何避免下载的几个坑》。如果您已付费下载过本站文档，您可以点击这里二次下载。
3、如文档侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权、侵犯人身权等，请点击“版权申诉”（推荐），也可以打举报电话：400-050-0827(电话支持时间：9:00-18:30)。
4、该文档为VIP文档，如果想要下载，成为VIP会员后，下载免费。
5、成为VIP后，下载本文档将扣除1次下载权益。下载后，不支持退款、换文档。如有疑问请联系我们。
6、成为VIP后，您将拥有八大权益，权益包括：VIP文档下载权益、阅读免打扰、文档格式转换、高级专利检索、专属身份标志、高级客服、多端互通、版权登记。
7、VIP文档为合作方或网友上传，每下载1次，网站将根据用户上传文档的质量评分、类型等，对文档贡献者给予高额补贴、流量扶持。如果你也想贡献VIP文档。上传文档

2017年春John Snow and the Broad Street Cholera Outbreak of 1854

John Snow and the Broad Street Cholera Outbreak of 1854 Cholera reached the British Isles in the early 1830s, and outbreaks would continue for the next fifty years. Today, it is well known that cholera is caused by the bacteria Vibria cholerae and is usually spread in poor drinking water. Early theories blamed the infection on mists and miasmas, which led to many of the early attempts to control cholera failing. In reality the poor sanitary conditions of a citys water supply was responsible. Early Victorian cities also included cowsheds mixed in amongst the houses. These combined with poor handling of human sewage (often merely a hole in the ground) led to a rapid contamination of the drinking water. Indeed, the famous Broad Street water pump (see below) was a shallow water pump that pumped water from the contaminated water table. In the 1850s, John Snow performed pioneering data analysis to prove his hypothesis that cholera was spread in the drinking water. This analysis if performed today, would come under the realms of GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Data Mining. Some have claimed his Broad Street map as being the first example of GIS, even though it was performed with a pen and paper. Although this is an exaggeration, the Broad Street map it is an excellent example of the power of maps to clearly demonstrate relationships in complex scenarios. Snows work with the London cholera outbreaks of the 1850s, is often cited as the beginning of modern epidemiology. Unfortunately word of this pioneering epidemiology was slow to spread, and the London cholera outbreaks would continue into the 1880s when all of the shallow water-pumps were finally decommissioned. This page looks at Snows two most famous analysis cases that helped to prove his hypothesis that cholera infections occurred through drinking water. The Broad Street Outbreak, 1854 This is the most famous piece of data analysis performed by John Snow, and his prompt action undoubtedly saved many lives.