五种精神病中发觉合营基因弊病.doc

Same Genetic Basis Found in 5 Types of Mental Disorders 五种精神病中发现共同基因故障 The psychiatric illnesses seem very different — HYPERLINK /health/guides/disease/schizophrenia/overview.htmlschizophrenia, HYPERLINK /health/guides/disease/bipolar-disorder/overview.htmlbipolar disorder, HYPERLINK /health/guides/disease/autism/overview.html?inline=nyt-classifierautism, HYPERLINK /health/guides/symptoms/depression/overview.htmlmajor depression and HYPERLINK /health/guides/disease/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd/overview.htmlattention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Yet they share several genetic glitches that can nudge the brain along a path to mental illness, researchers report. Which disease, if any, develops is thought to depend on other genetic or environmental factors. 精神疾病似乎各不相同——精神分裂症、躁郁症、孤独症、重性抑郁症和注意缺陷多动症。然而，研究人员报告，这些疾病有几个共同的基因故障，这些故障将会使大脑出现病变。如果发病，究竟是哪种疾病，取决于其他基因或者环境因素。 Their study, HYPERLINK /journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(12)62129-1/fulltextpublished online Wednesday in the Lancet, was based on an examination of genetic data from more than 60,000 people worldwide. Its authors say it is the largest genetic study yet of psychiatric disorders. The findings strengthen an emerging view of mental illness that aims to make diagnoses based on the genetic aberrations underlying diseases instead of on the disease symptoms. 他们的研究于本周三发表在《柳叶刀》(Lancet)杂志的网站上，是以世界各地6万多人的基因数据检测为基础的。论文作者称，该研究是目前精神疾病领域规模最大的基因研究。研究结果为精神疾病领域最近出现的一种观点提供了支持，即要根据疾病背后的基因异常，而非疾病症状，来进行诊断。 Two of the aberrations discovered in the new study were in genes used in a major signaling system in the brain, giving clues to processes that might go awry and suggestions of how to treat the diseases. 这项新研究中发现两处异常的基因是在人脑一个主要信号系统中发挥作用的基因，为了解病变过程提供了线索，也为疾病的治疗提供了建议。 “What we identified here is probably just the tip of an iceberg,” said Dr. Jordan Smoller, lead author of the paper and a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital. “As these studies grow we expect to f