20120245材料3-1英中对照WDS37700134FundamentalsofDCMotor4103.pdf

翻译样稿   北京华译网翻译公司 Fundamentals of a DC motor 直流电动机（DC 电动机）的基本原理 Did you know the secret behind the mind boggling speed of TGVs, one of the fastest trains in the world, is the use of electric motors? Not only in transport sector, electric motors find their application in areas as diverse as household appliances, commercial complexes, in devices used for lifting and moving objects and even in toys. 你是否知道世界上最快的火车-TGVs 拥有如此惊人速度的秘密是使用了电机吗？除运输业以 外，电机还被广泛用于其他不同领域，如家用器械、商业中心、升降或移动的设备，甚至玩具。 Motors powered by direct current are referred to as DC motors. 由直流电驱动的电机被成为DC 电机。 Construction 构成 A simple DC motor consists of a rectangular loop PQRS, made of an insulated copper wire. This loop is placed in between two magnets such, that the plane of the loop is parallel to the direction of the magnetic field. The ends of the loop are attached to the two halves, X and Y of a split ring commutator. These halves of the split ring are insulated from each other and are mounted on an axle, about which the rotation is to take place. Externally, two conducting stationary brushes B and B keep pressing against X and Y respectively. 1 2 These brushes are connected to a DC source. Let us now understand how this assembly works. 普通DC 电机由一个绝缘铜线制成的矩形回线PQRS 组成。该回线位于两个磁石中间，回线的平 面与磁场的方向平行。回线的末端与裂环整流子的 X 和 Y 部分相连。裂环的这两个部分彼此绝缘并 安装在一个轴上，裂环能够围绕该轴旋转。在外部，两个导电固定刷B1 和B2 分别紧贴X 和Y 。这 两个固定刷与DC 电源相连。现在让我们了解一下该装置是怎样工作的。 Working 工作 Let the current from the battery enter through brush B1, flow through the loop PQRS, and leave through brush B2. Here, the arms QR and SP do not experience any force as they are either parallel or antiparallel to the magnetic field. But the arms, PQ and RS, wh