word formation 构词法.ppt

-by TiffanyMaggie Derivation roots----affixes un + conscious→ unconscious nation + al→ national natioanl + ize→ nationalize word class changed N→V length+en→lengthen dis+card→discard N→Adj fool+ish→follish speech+less→spechless N→Adj/Adv clock+wise→clockwise earth+ward→earthward V→N work+er→worker pay+ee→payee V→Adj accept+able→acceptable Adj→N mean+ness→meanness rapid+ity→rapidity Adj→V sweet+en→sweeten Adj→Adv quick+ly→quickly word class unchanged N→N non+smoker→nonsmoker book+let→booklet V→V dis+obey→disobey un+do→undo Adj→Adj il+logical→illogical tall+ish→tallish compound Noun compounds day+break→daybreak (N+V) wind+mill→windmill (N+N) Verb compound brain+wash→brainwash (N+V) Adjective compound man+eating→maneating(N+V-ing) duty+free→dutyfree(N+Adj) Prepositional compound in+to→into Compound the endocentric compound Nouns Adj pain-killler virus-sensitive self-control bullet-resistant the exocentric compound Nouns Adj playboy runaway get-together beat-up Lexical Change Invention technological and economic activities such as: Kodak, nylon, granola Lexical Change Blending the initial part of the first word+the final part of the second word transfer+resister→transistor smoke+fog→smog the initial parts of the two words teleprinter+exchange→telex Lexical Change Abbreviations i. cutting the final part (or with a slight variation ) advertisement-ad bicycle-bike ii. Cutting the initial part omnibus-bus telephone-phone iii. Cut