英语现在分词.ppt

;?19.The country’s chief首要 exports are coal煤, cars and cotton goods, cars _____ the most important of these. (1994) A. have been B. are C. being D. are being (C．ABD都会使后半部分构成完整的句子，但句中用的是逗号，不能是完整句子。) ?20.Agriculture is the country’s chief source of wealth, wheat _____ by far the biggest cereal crop谷类作物. (2003) A. is B. been C. be D. being (D，同上。“农业是这个国家的主要财源，目前小麦是谷物中产量最大的。”);1、分词的意义以及分类形式;2、现在分词有时态和语态的变化，现以现在分词doing为例列表如下：;?现在分词作表语时，多表示主语所具有的特征，一般情况下用在系动词的后面。如be/become/look/sound等。 如：The story is interesting. It sounds boring to stay at home for a whole day.;(二)现在分词作定语;As early as 1649 Ohio made a decision that free, tax-supported schools must be established in every town ____50 households or more. 　　A) having B) to have C) to have had D) having had Town ;补充说明;5、现在分词用作状语; 置于句末，如： He went out shutting the door behind him. 他出去后将门随手关上（其动作发生在谓语动词之后） Lucy broke her looking glass,dressing to go out. 她在外出前穿衣服时把镜子打破了。（二者同时发生） ?强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生时，现在分词之前可用连词when或while。 ?表原因，可放在句首或句末，如： Being sick I stayed at home. 我因病呆在家里（现在分词being常可表原因） Seeing that it was raining,George put on his mackintosh 鉴于下雨，乔治穿上了雨衣（seeing that是一个表原因的固定说法）; Robert used the phone to cancel his lunch date with Basil,having suddenly remembered a previous engagement. 罗伯特打电话取消了他与巴兹尔吃午餐的约会，因为他突然想起另有他约。（置于句末的现在分词完成式常表原因） ?表条件，其位置可在谓语之前或之后。如： A person standing at the center of one of the broader craters would be unable to see the crater walls. 一个人如站在广阔的火山口的中间，就会看不到火山口壁。;?表让步，可置于句首或句末，如： Knowing all this,they made me pay for damage. 他们尽管了解这一切，还是要我陪偿损失。 ?表结果，常置于句末，如： It rained heavily,causing severe flooding in that country. 大雨滂沱，造成了那个国家洪水泛滥。 （与表结果的不定式一样，表结果的现在分词亦常和only连用） ?表伴随，多置于句首或句末： （表伴随