转换生成语法PPT.ppt

Transformational-Generative Grammar ⅠThe Birth of TG Grammar And the Innateness Hypothesis 1.Founder:American linguist Noam Chomsky Full name Avram Noam Chomsky Born 7 December 1928 (1928-12-07) Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Era 20th/21st-century philosophy Region Western Philosophy School Linguistics, Analytic Main interests Linguistics · Psychology · Philosophy of language · Philosophy of mind · Politics · Ethics Notable ideas Generative grammar, universal grammar, transformational grammar, government and binding, X-bar theory, Chomsky hierarchy, context-free grammar, principles and parameters, the minimalist program, language acquisition device, poverty of the stimulus, Chomsky-Schützenberger theorem, Chomsky Normal Form, propaganda model 2.The mark of the beginning The publication of Syntactic Structures in 1957 In Syntactic Structures, Chomsky tries to construct a "formalized theory of linguistic structure" and places emphasis on "rigorous formulations" and "precisely constructed models". 3.Five stages of development 1) The Classical Theory, which aims to make linguistics a science. Syntactic Structures,1975 2)The Standard Theory, which deals with how semantics should be studied in a linguistic theory Aspects of the Theory of Syntax,1965 3)The Extended Standard Theory, which focuses discussion on language universals and universal grammar Studies on Semantic in Generative Grammar,1972 4)The Revised Extended Standard Theory (or GB), which focuses on Government and Binding Lectures on Government and Binding,1981 5)The Minimalist Program, which is a further revision of the previous theory. The Minimal Program,1995 Minimalist Inquiries: The Framework,1998 4.The Innateness Hypothesis ( Why should there be a TG Grammar?) When as a student of Hebrew with the structuralist methodology, he found that the classification of structural elements of language according to distribution and substitution had its limitation……he