印度教育体系简介.ppt

Dr. Saurav Goel - PhD (Engineering) Lecturer at Queen’s University, Belfast, United Kingdom Contents Education system of ancient India Vedic Universities Pre-independence education system (British Rule) Post-independence education system (1947 onwards) Basic school education Higher education New developments Gurukul (ashram) was a type of school in India, residential in nature, with pupils living in proximity to the teacher (guru). In a gurukul, students would reside together as equals, irrespective of their social standing, learnt from the guru and distribute work in themselves to help the guru in his day-to-day life. At the end of studies, pupil would be ready to offer gurudakshina (one time fees) to the guru. The gurudakshina is a traditional gesture of acknowledgment, respect and thanks. Nalanda is the name of an ancient university in Bihar, India which was a Buddhist center of learning from 427 CE (AD) to 1197 CE (AD). It has been called as one of the first great universities” in recorded history. Since English was increasingly being employed as the language of instruction, during 1852–1853 petitions were sent to the British Parliament in support of both establishing and adequately funding university education in India which resulted in the Education Dispatch of July 1854 which helped in shaping the Indian education system . Established a Department of Public Instruction in each province of British India. Established teacher-training schools for all levels of instruction. Increased the number of Government colleges ,vernacular schools and high-schools . The Department of Public Instruction was in place by 1855. By 1857 a number of universities were established modeled on the University of London. Educational reforms in the early 20th century led towards the nationalisation of many universities. Indias first education minister recommended strong central government control over education throughout the country, with a uniform educational system and intro