句法考研题.doc

句法部分 北京外国语大学 1. In a coherent piece of writing, words and clauses are tied together in some ways. Use the following text to discuss what are some of the ways of tying together words and clauses to make a coherent piece of writing. (30 points) (2009) With the careful dress of a bank manager and a flat, classless accent, John Major is impossible to pigeonhole on either right or left of the Conservative Party. He has made remarkably few enemies in his rapid rise, although his easygoing charm reputedly conceals “a bit of temper”, and he can be caustic. Nevertheless, he numbers Labour MPs among his long-standing friends. II. Answer the following questions. What is the aim of IC (immediate constituent) analysis? Make an IC analysis of the following sentence by means of either brackets or a tree diagram. (2010) My mother said Mary liked the handbag What is your comment on the following paragraph? Rewrite it and explain why you want to rewrite it that way. (2010) One winter morning when Father left the Riding Club on horseback, Father’s horse fell with Father. Not only did the stupid animal fall but the animal landed on Father’s foot. Father pulled Father’s foot out from under, got the horse up, and went on to the Park for Father’s ride. But Father found later that one of Father’s toes had bent and that Father couldn’t straighten the toe out. Suppose you are teaching an English–speaking person Chinese. How would you help him/ her interpret the following sentences, esp. the relationships between the noun phrases at the beginning of the sentences and the verbs? Could you classify the sentences into different groups and suggest strategies for interpreting each group? (2008) 钱你先垫着。 这件事你可以写一部小说。 报纸我包书。 小王我已经告诉他了。 我结婚的都送这个。 动物园跑了一只熊。 谁都了解这个情况。 哪个地方都买不到适合我穿的衣服。 北京第二外国语学院 I. Complete each of the following statements. 1. The branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of sentence is called____. (2010, 2008) II. Fulfill the following requirements. Bloomfield introduced th