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Recent Advances in Heat Transfer Enhancements
1.Introduction
The way to improve heat transfer performance is referred to as heat transfer enhancement (or augmentation or intensification). Nowadays, a significant number of thermal engineering researchers are seeking for new enhancing heat transfer methods between surfaces and the surrounding fluid. Due to this fact, Bergles classified the mechanisms of enhancing heat transfer as active or passive methods. Those which require external power to maintain the enhancement mechanism are named active methods. Examples of active enhancement methods are well stirring the fluid or vibrating the surface. Hagge and Junkhan described various active mechanical enhancing methods that can be used to enhance heat transfer. On the other hand, the passive enhancement methods are those which do not require external power to sustain the enhancements characteristics. Examples of passive enhancing methods are: (a) treated surfaces, (b) rough surfaces, (c) extended surfaces, (d) displaced enhancement devices, (e) swirl flow devices,(f) coiled tubes, (g) surface tension devices, (h) additives for fluids, and many others.
2.Mechanisms of Augmentation of Heat Transfer
To the best knowledge of the authors, the mechanisms of heat transfer enhancement can be at least one of the following
(1) Use of a secondary heat transfer surface.
(2) Disruption of the unenhanced fluid velocity.
(3) Disruption of the laminar sublayer in the turbulent boundary layer
(4) Introducing secondary flows.
(5) Promoting boundary-layer separation.
(6) Promoting flow attachment/reattachment.
(7) Enhancing effective thermal conductivity of the fluid under static conditions.
(8) Enhancing effective thermal conductivity of the fluid under dynamic conditions.
(9) Delaying the boundary layer development.
(10) Thermal dispersion.
(11) Increasing the order of the fluid molecules.
(12) Redistribution of the flow.
(13) Modification of radiative property of the convective medium.
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