华师大版历史第四册《资本主义经济制度的确立》课件.pptVIP

*  工业革命的发生发展 现代工厂制度——生产组织形式 金融制度 自由贸易政策 使英国成为世界贸易金融中心 19世纪70年代后，银行业与工业 相互融合渗透的趋势 股份制——企业组织形式 资本主义经济制度的确立 表现： 背景： 作用： 促进了英国经济的高速发展 提升了英国的国际竞争力 发展趋势： ②“工厂制与手工工场相比具有哪些优势？” ① “为什么工厂能够取代手工工场？” 想一想 Sir Richard Arkwright (1732-1792)? Arkwright is considered the father of the modern industrial factory system; his inventions were a catalyst for the Industrial Revolution. www.bbc.co.uk/history Textile Mill in Lancashire, England The textile industry was one of the first industries to be mechanized in 18th-century Britain. These women worked in a textile mill in Lancashire, in northwestern England. E A confectionery factory? www.bbc.co.uk/history Cotton machinery displayed at the Great Exhibition in 1851? www.bbc.co.uk/history Division of Labor in Industry Division of labor is a basic tenet of industrialization. In division of labor, each worker is assigned to a different task, or step, in the manufacturing process, and as a result, total production increases. As this illustration shows, one person performing all five steps in the manufacture of a product can make one unit in a day. Five workers, each specializing in one of the five steps, can make 10 units in the same amount of time. E Stephenson was a British pioneering railway engineer and inventor of the Rocket, the most famous early railway locomotive George Stephenson (1781-1848) Stephensons locomotive, the Rocket? www.bbc.co.uk/history Liverpool - Manchester railway, 1831? www.bbc.co.uk/history “在英国工业革命开始之初，工业发展获取资金的途径有哪些？” “19世纪以后，企业公司发展获取资本的途径有什么变化？为什么？” 股份制的功能 作用 ①极大的资本积聚功能 为进行诸如修建铁路等耗资巨大的工程集资 ②股份公司资产所有权与经营权分离 有利于按市场规律实行生产资源和资金的优化组合