【2017年整理】结构与3：非谓语动词.ppt

非谓语动词 ; 1) 不定式的形式和语态;⑴ 一般式:;⑵ 完成式：;⑶ 进行式:;⑷ 完成进行式:;⑸ 被动态:;2) 不定式的句法功能;⑴ 不定式作主语;② 不定式若有自己的主语，可由of或for 引出, 构成“of/for+代词/名词+to do” 形式。例如： Its necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it. It was a great honour for me to be invited here today. Its very hard for him to study two languages.;;另外，在“It is/ was +形容词 + of sb. + to do sth .”句型中常用下列表示人的性格，品德，主观感情或态度的形容词。如：kind, unkind, right, wrong, polite, impolite, clever, stupid, silly, foolish, good, nice, honest, selfish, rude, cruel, bold, brave, wise, unwise, careful, careless, friendly, unfriendly, thoughtful, thoughtless, considerate等。例如：;;⑵ 不定式作宾语 ;;;;⑶ 不定式作宾语补语 ;;② 动词+宾语+不定式 (to + be) The vases are believed to be worth over $20 000 each. We believe him to be innocent. Who do you consider (to be) responsible for the accident? We consider Tom (to be) one of the best students in our class.;;⑷ 不定式作定语;;;⑸ 不定式作状语;;;;;3）不定式的其他用法;⑴ too…to 结构通常表示否定意义: 太…以至于…。;⑵ 当too 前面有only, all, but时，意思是：非常… 等于very。;⑶ enough…to结构则表示肯定意义。;4）不带to 的不定式;;;;;;;;现在分词（动词-ing形式）和过去分词（动词-ed形式） ;形式;;2） 句法功能; ⑴ 作宾语补语: ;;⑵ 作定语;;;;⑶ 作状语;;;;;;;;;;动名词 ; 1）动名词的形式;;2） 动名词的句法功能;;;动名词和动词不定式 ;;;;Exercise 17;Exercise 18;Exercise 19;Exercise 20;Exercise 22;;Grammar Practice Test 4 I;to wear to try, to discuss, speaking my (me) giving to give, walking smoking his having been to be, criticizing asking, to help, (to) get stop, singing, taking to let, go on, speaking;to tell to try, taking going , to go to bring, leaving, to break taking, being taken to be told denying , to speak to open, try, opening knowing, to have disappeared disturbing/ to disturb, being disturbed/to be disturbed;Grammar Practice Test 4 II;Finding / To find Looking to take, being considered developing Having got, to board having already been expected Having failed seeing, understanding Writing, writing Having promised, to give;having had, serviced Having been told, to postpone driving, deserted, leaping Using, to give having lain Coming, clean-shaven, wearing, dazzling Watching